From ‘marginal to marginal’: environmental justice under the Trump administration

IF 2.4 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Environmental Sociology Pub Date : 2021-12-29 DOI:10.1080/23251042.2021.2015548
Ellen Kohl, M. Sullivan, Mark Milton Chambers, Alissa Cordner, C. Sellers, Leif Fredrickson, J. Ohayon
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT How damaging was the Trump administration to environmental justice (EJ) efforts and policy? Since federal EJ oversight at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is governed by executive order, rather than statute, approaches to it have varied by presidential administration. In this paper, we draw on interviews with current and recently retired EPA employees along with staffing and budget data, to examine how EJ has historically been supported and enacted within the agency, with a focus on identifying impacts of the Trump administration on EPA’s EJ work. We find that while leadership support for EJ and emphasis across the agency have changed across presidential administrations, the EJ program has always held a marginal position in terms of allocation of resources and emphasis in regulatory decision-making. Starting from this position of long-term marginalization, EPA’s EJ program was further marginalized by the Trump administration. Though EPA employees expressed divided opinions as to how consequential the Trump administration’s actions were on enacting EJ internally, many thought that the administration’s emphasis on deregulation had significant health consequences in EJ communities. We argue that the impacts of the Trump administration, like those of future administrations, must be assessed within a historical context.
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从“边际到边际”:特朗普政府的环境正义
特朗普政府对环境正义(EJ)的努力和政策造成了多大的破坏?由于美国环境保护署(EPA)的联邦环境保护监督是由行政命令而不是法规管理的,因此不同的总统执政方式也有所不同。在本文中,我们利用对现任和最近退休的EPA员工的采访,以及人员配置和预算数据,来研究EPA内部历史上是如何支持和制定EJ的,重点是确定特朗普政府对EPA EJ工作的影响。我们发现,虽然领导层对EJ的支持和整个机构的重点在总统执政期间发生了变化,但就资源分配和监管决策的重点而言,EJ计划始终处于边缘地位。从这种长期边缘化的立场出发,EPA的EJ项目被特朗普政府进一步边缘化。尽管EPA员工对特朗普政府的行动对制定EJ的影响有多大表达了不同的意见,但许多人认为,政府强调放松管制对EJ社区的健康产生了重大影响。我们认为,特朗普政府的影响,就像未来的政府一样,必须在历史背景下进行评估。
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来源期刊
Environmental Sociology
Environmental Sociology ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
12.00%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: Environmental Sociology is dedicated to applying and advancing the sociological imagination in relation to a wide variety of environmental challenges, controversies and issues, at every level from the global to local, from ‘world culture’ to diverse local perspectives. As an international, peer-reviewed scholarly journal, Environmental Sociology aims to stretch the conceptual and theoretical boundaries of both environmental and mainstream sociology, to highlight the relevance of sociological research for environmental policy and management, to disseminate the results of sociological research, and to engage in productive dialogue and debate with other disciplines in the social, natural and ecological sciences. Contributions may utilize a variety of theoretical orientations including, but not restricted to: critical theory, cultural sociology, ecofeminism, ecological modernization, environmental justice, organizational sociology, political ecology, political economy, post-colonial studies, risk theory, social psychology, science and technology studies, globalization, world-systems analysis, and so on. Cross- and transdisciplinary contributions are welcome where they demonstrate a novel attempt to understand social-ecological relationships in a manner that engages with the core concerns of sociology in social relationships, institutions, practices and processes. All methodological approaches in the environmental social sciences – qualitative, quantitative, integrative, spatial, policy analysis, etc. – are welcomed. Environmental Sociology welcomes high-quality submissions from scholars around the world.
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