FINANCIAL PROVISION OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

Abstract

Topicality. The modern system of financing research studies in Ukraine is designed to provide an effective and comprehensive solution to such urgent tasks as creating the necessary institutional prerequisites for the timely innovations introduction in all areas of the national economic complex of the country, ensuring technological restructuring; creating the necessary conditions for the development of scientific and educational potential, preventing the departure of the country's scientific personnel abroad and creating conditions for the return of those who were forced to leave the country as a result of Russian aggression in Ukraine. Today, at all levels of government, the matter of the effective use of funds allocated in Ukraine for scientific and innovative activities is increasingly emerging. Therefore, the formation of an effective system for financing scientific activities, the result of which is the creation of an innovative product, is an important and urgent task.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to identify current problems of financing research and development in Ukraine and justify ways to solve them.Research results. The article uses methods of statistical analysis of data on the state of development of scientific activity as elements of a systematic analysis of the implementation of scientific research and development by sources of funding in Ukraine. The results of the analysis show that the total amount of research and development funding for the period 2018-2020 increased in Ukraine by only 2%, and the distribution of funding in the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is based on the number of scientific workers in a scientific institution, , in connection with which, to a certain extent, it is also associated the insufficient efficiency of the financial resources use by individual scientific institutions. At the same time, funding from the state budget increased by 22% and funding from the funds of business sector organizations decreased by 36%. In the last three years in Ukraine, the largest amount of funding was provided to scientific and technical (experimental) developments, but their share in 2020 decreased compared to 2018 to 51.7%.Conclusion. The development of science in Ukraine is impossible without sufficient and timely funding and changes in the principles and taking into account which it is necessary to build a system for financing scientific research and technical developments, which will include: the creation of a Foresight Research Center under the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine with appropriate tasks and expert functions; fast and efficient implementation of research results; economic feasibility and security of methods and mechanisms for attracting investments; multiple sources of funding; comprehensiveness and flexibility, which implies the ability to simultaneously finance planned technical and technological innovations, effectively redistributing cash flows. The management system of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine should contribute to the effective management of budgetary funds, and changes in the organization of research can significantly increase funding for priority areas of research. Financing of scientific research should become one of the priority directions for the strategic development of Ukraine along with the need to strengthen the defense capability.