Distribución espacial y análisis de conglomerados de la enfermedad de Chagas en Perú 2015-2020

Abstract

Chagas disease is a parasitic pathology that affects millions of people in Latin America, currently being found in the territory of Peru as a serious public health problem. As an objective, a study on the spatial distribution and cluster analysis of Chagas disease in Peru 2015-2020 was carried out. The research was retrospective descriptive during the period 2015-2020. As a data collection instrument, the secondary database of the notification sheets of the Ministry of Health of Peru with specifications according to the Epidemiological Bulletin 2015-2020 and the reports of the situational room-CDC were used. The data was stored in Microsoft Excel and maps were made for each year with Bing ©Microsoft Technology, OpenStreetMap to know the spatial distribution and the conglomerates. As a result, a total of 301 cases of Chagas disease were reported throughout the territory, being distributed in 40.53% (122/301) in 2015, 16.28% (49/301) 2016, 11.63% (35/301) 2017, 9.30% (28/301) 2018, 14.95% (45/301) 2019 and 7.31% (22/301) in 2020 respectively, regarding the spatial distribution, Arequipa was the department with the highest number of cases of Chagas disease in the period 2015-2020, followed by Amazonas with and San Martín with 18. Finally, the cluster map of Chagas disease showed a wide geographic distribution, compromising departments such as Cajamarca, Loreto, San Martin, Ucayali and Ayacucho. In conclusion, it is suggested to reinforce and implement prevention and control measures in these areas to reduce the burden of the disease.