The Processes of Aggradation and Incision in the Channels in the Terek River Basin, the North Caucasus: The Hydrological Fluvial Archives of the Recent Past

IF 2.3 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Quaternary Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.3390/quat6030047
A. Sidorchuk
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Abstract

The rates of incision and aggradation in the channels in the Terek River basin (North Caucasus) for the last 50–85 years were estimated at 18 gauging stations. The stage–discharge method (annual low water stages at the same discharges) was applied. The stability of the Terek River channel was recorded on the tectonically subsiding Tersko–Kuma Lowland. On the subsiding Kabardian Plain, channel aggradation up to 14 mm a−1 was registered. The rapid (~32 mm a−1) incision of the Terek River occurs within the antecedent valley of the rising Sunzha Ridge, causing regressive erosion and incision (~25 mm a−1) of rivers on the Ossetian Plain, despite its tectonic subsiding. The rivers in the uplifting mountains of the North Caucasus transport the sediments delivered from slopes as climatically controlled debris flows. Aggradation and incision here alternate without a visible overall trend. The rates of modern channel bed deformations are 10 to 100 times higher than the mean rates of tectonic movements. The main effect of tectonics is the changes in river channel slopes, which cause changes in the bed load transport budget and channel bed deformation. Human-made constructions induce rapid deformations in the channels but have a local effect.
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北高加索特列克河流域河道的淤积和切割过程:近代水文河流档案
用18个测量站估计了特列克河流域(北高加索)河道在过去50-85年间的切割和淤积率。采用分段放水法(相同放水量的年低水位放水法)。捷列克河河道的稳定性记录在构造沉降的捷尔斯科-库马低地上。在下沉的卡第亚平原上,河道淤积达14mm a−1。特列克河的快速切割(~32 mm a−1)发生在上升的孙扎岭的前谷内,尽管奥塞梯平原的构造沉降,但造成了河流的后退侵蚀和切割(~25 mm a−1)。北高加索隆起的山脉中的河流将斜坡上的沉积物作为气候控制的泥石流运输。此处脓肿和切口交替出现,总体趋势不明显。现代河床的变形速率比构造运动的平均速率高10 ~ 100倍。构造作用的主要影响是河道坡度的变化,从而引起河床输运收支和河床变形的变化。人为建筑引起河道迅速变形,但只产生局部影响。
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来源期刊
Quaternary
Quaternary GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
4.30%
发文量
44
审稿时长
11 weeks
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