Features of Dynamic Error Analysis in the Process of Evaluation of Metrological Reliability of Measuring Equipment

V. Ignatkin
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Abstract

The article discusses metrological reliability of measuring equipment (ME), argues that ME imprecision must be considered not in statics, 'out in dynamics, taking into account the change of its characteristics over time. Measurement imprecision and its components are considered as random processes that are fully characterized by multidimensional distribution. It is advisable to determine the probability of metrological measurements directly from the experiment due to the difficulties of analytical solution to the problem. The characteristics of dynamic imprecision depend on both the values of the measured object and the ME properties. The physical cause of dynamic imprecision taking place is inertia of ME, its exhaustive description relies on the use of Duamel integral, which determines the response of inertial link to the input influence. As a criterion for signal differences one can use quite different functionals, taking into account further use of measurement results, the convenience of computing, the properties or input influences, and so on. It is most expedient to use the dispersion of signal differences. To calculate the parameters of dynamic imprecision it is necessary to know the energy spectrum of the input signal. The given ratios can be used for both stationary and non-stationary processes. The paper provides examples of using these ratios, recommendations for reducing measurement errors in each particular case.
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测量设备计量可靠性评价过程中动态误差分析的特点
本文讨论了测量设备的计量可靠性,认为测量设备的不精度不应考虑静力学,而应考虑动力学,并考虑其特性随时间的变化。测量不精度及其分量被认为是完全具有多维分布特征的随机过程。由于解析求解的困难,建议直接从实验中确定计量测量的概率。动态不精度的特性取决于被测对象的值和ME特性。动态不精确发生的物理原因是惯性,其详尽的描述依赖于Duamel积分的使用,它决定了惯性环节对输入影响的响应。作为信号差异的标准,可以使用完全不同的函数,考虑到测量结果的进一步使用、计算的便利性、属性或输入影响等等。用信号差的色散是最方便的。为了计算动态不精度参数,需要知道输入信号的能谱。给定的比率既可以用于平稳过程,也可以用于非平稳过程。本文提供了使用这些比率的例子,并建议在每个特定情况下减少测量误差。
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