THEORETICAL AND ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF THE DEFINITION OF "FOOD SECURITY" AND THE ROLE OF THE PORTS OF GREATER ODESSA IN OVERCOMING THE GLOBAL CRISIS

Abstract

Topicality. With the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine, economic activity suffered serious damage, including damage to agriculture. Which in turn leads to a problem in the sphere of ensuring state and international food security.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is the theoretical substantiation of the definition of "food security" and the analysis of the activities of the ports of Great Odesa in relation to the regulation of the crisis situation in matters of international food security.Materials and methods. Empirical, theoretical, analytical and synthesis models of scientific research were used in this article. The graphic method of scientific research and the grouping method were also used in the work.Research results. The article analyzes the scientific literature and legal acts of the theoretical apparatus of the term "food security". This term was generalized to a single concept based on current events taking place in Ukraine. An analysis of the operation of the ports of Greater Odessa (Odesa, Chornomorsk, Pivdenny) was also carried out, based on data for 2021 and current indicators obtained from the modern database "Black Sea Grain Initiative Vessel Movements". During the analysis, it was determined that agricultural products such as corn (1.821 million tons and 1.757 million tons, respectively) are mostly exported from the ports of Chornomorsk and Pivdenny. Wheat, in turn, is in second place in the ranking of the most popular exported agricultural crops, but it is the first in the port of "Odesa" - 1.261 million tons. A rating of exporting countries was also compiled: Turkey took first place, followed by Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Egypt, and others.Conclusion. The conducted analysis of the current state of food security, especially the influence of the seaports of Greater Odessa on solving the crisis situation, indicates that, of course, there is a decrease in the export of grain crops to the countries of Asia, Europe and Africa, but the experience gained during the implementation of the "Grain Agreement" can be used in order to improve the transport management of food security of Ukraine.