Scrotal Kaposi's Sarcoma in HIV-negative Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Abstract

Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an indolent angio-proliferative tumor proliferation with spindle cells originating from endothelial and immune cells infected with human herpes virus type 8. (HHV-8: also known as Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus [KSHV]). HHV-8 was identified as the causative agent of KS. This virus is present in 95-98% of cases with KS. Kaposi's sarcoma was first described by a Hungarian dermatologist 1872 named Moritz Kaposi.[1] The lesions are characterized by the proliferation of spindle cells of endothelial origin, which present different degrees of abnormal vascularization, inflammatory infiltrates, and fibrosis. Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is a malignancy that generally affects the skin, and can be systemic with internal organ involvement. It originates from the vascular endothelium. KS's relationship with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is well known. In this article, we will present a 73-year-old male patient with 3 purple scrotal lesions up to 0.5 cm in size. Conclusion; Kaposi's sarcoma of the scrotum in a negative patient is a rare pathology. However, in cases of scrotal lesions that last over time, a differential diagnosis should be made and Kaposi's sarcoma should be taken into consideration. Also, a screening for other accompanying lesions, especially a detailed examination of the gastrointestinal tract is important in cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma of the scrotum.