Factores Asociados al Burnout Académico en Estudiantes de Internado Profesional de Fonoaudiologia

Abstract

espanolLos estudiantes que cursan el internado profesional de fonoaudiologia experimentan situaciones de estres y agotamiento propias de esta acti vidad, pudiendo presentar burnout academico (BA), ya que el contacto con usuarios reales, la exigencia academica y las acciones propias de un contexto laboral son caracteristicas de la practica profesional. El objeti vo del presente estudio es determinar la existencia del burnout acade mico y la asociacion con variables sociodemograficas en los estudiantes de 5to ano de fonoaudiologia. Se aplico un cuestionario a 47 sujetos de internado profesional para recopilar antecedentes personales, academi cos y sociales. Luego, para evaluar el burnout academico, se aplico el Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey. Los estudiantes evaluados no presentan el sindrome, aunque el factor cansancio emocional se presento con mas altos puntajes. Tampoco existen diferencias entre los puntajes del sindrome para los estudiantes que realizan su practica en las areas de Salud y Educacion. Las variables explicativas del alto cansancio emocional en este estudio son el sexo masculino, pertenecer a sector urbano y aumento de consumo de taba co. El estudio del BA es importante para tomar medidas preventivas en el transcurso de la vida universitaria para garantizar a futuro el com promiso y mejor desempeno por parte de los estudiantes que realizan su practica profesional. EnglishStudents who attend internship of speech language pathology expe rience situations of stress and exhaustion characteristic of this activ ity, being able to present academic burnout, due to the contact with real users, the academic requirement and the own actions of a work context, which are characteristics of the internship. The objective of this study was to determine the existence of academic burnout and its association with sociodemographic variables in the 5th year stu dents of speech language pathology. A questionnaire was applied to 47 intern students in order to gather personal, academic and social backgrounds. After to evaluate the academic burnout, the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey was applied. The students evaluated did not present the syndrome, although the emotional fatigue factor was presented with higher scores. There are also no differences in the scores of the syndrome for students who did their practice in both health and education setting. The explana tory variables of high emotional fatigue in this study were male sex, belonging to the urban sector and increased tobacco consumption. The BA study is important to take preventive measures over the university life to ensure future commitment and better performance by students who perform their professional practice.