Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-24492018000300121
Guido Cerda-Silva, Fidel Porras-Tapia
espanolLa implementacion del Cuestionario SUSESO/ISTAS 21 como un protocolo de vigilancia de salud mental en las organizaciones ha sido utilizada en los ultimos cinco anos en Chile. El objetivo de esta investigacion es analizar el comportamiento de las propiedades psi- cometricas del cuestionario en su version breve en el contexto chile no. El estudio realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio con cinco dimensiones. Se emplearon medidas de bondad para ajuste del mode lo como RMR, GFI, AGFI, NFI y PGFI. Para el la obtencion de la fiabilidad del instrumento se emplea el Coeficiente Omega. De igual manera, se realizo un analisis de la validez convergente y discrimi nante del cuestionario. Por su parte, la muestra esta compuesta por 1184 trabajadores. Se concluye que el cuestionario SUSESO/ISTAS 21 en su version breve no cuenta con los parametros de confiabilidad y validez necesarios para su aplicacion. Finalmente, la estrategia de reduccion de dimensiones no es apropiada. EnglishIn the last five years, SUSESO/ISTAS21 has been implemented as the main protocol for watching mental health within organizations in Chile. The present work aims to review the psychometric properties of the short form of this questionnaire in the Chilean context. For this purpose we conducted a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) for a five-factor model, checking for goodness of fit (through GFI, AGFI, PGFI, NFI, and RMR), on a sample of 1.184 workers. Additionally, the reliability of the instrument was assessed through the Omega Coefficient, and the convergent and discriminant validity were also checked. These multiple analyses show that the short form SUSESO/ ISTAS21 questionnaire does not meet the realiability and validity standards required for its use. The former reveals the inadequacy of the dimension reduction strategy implemented.
{"title":"Revisión de las Propiedades de Psicométricas de la Escala de Evaluación de Riesgos Psicosociales en el Trabajo SUCESO/ ISTAS 21 en el Contexto Chileno","authors":"Guido Cerda-Silva, Fidel Porras-Tapia","doi":"10.4067/S0718-24492018000300121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000300121","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa implementacion del Cuestionario SUSESO/ISTAS 21 como un protocolo de vigilancia de salud mental en las organizaciones ha sido utilizada en los ultimos cinco anos en Chile. El objetivo de esta investigacion es analizar el comportamiento de las propiedades psi- cometricas del cuestionario en su version breve en el contexto chile no. El estudio realizo un analisis factorial confirmatorio con cinco dimensiones. Se emplearon medidas de bondad para ajuste del mode lo como RMR, GFI, AGFI, NFI y PGFI. Para el la obtencion de la fiabilidad del instrumento se emplea el Coeficiente Omega. De igual manera, se realizo un analisis de la validez convergente y discrimi nante del cuestionario. Por su parte, la muestra esta compuesta por 1184 trabajadores. Se concluye que el cuestionario SUSESO/ISTAS 21 en su version breve no cuenta con los parametros de confiabilidad y validez necesarios para su aplicacion. Finalmente, la estrategia de reduccion de dimensiones no es apropiada. EnglishIn the last five years, SUSESO/ISTAS21 has been implemented as the main protocol for watching mental health within organizations in Chile. The present work aims to review the psychometric properties of the short form of this questionnaire in the Chilean context. For this purpose we conducted a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) for a five-factor model, checking for goodness of fit (through GFI, AGFI, PGFI, NFI, and RMR), on a sample of 1.184 workers. Additionally, the reliability of the instrument was assessed through the Omega Coefficient, and the convergent and discriminant validity were also checked. These multiple analyses show that the short form SUSESO/ ISTAS21 questionnaire does not meet the realiability and validity standards required for its use. The former reveals the inadequacy of the dimension reduction strategy implemented.","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0718-24492018000300121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48896813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-24492018000300137
Rigoberto Quinchía, S. CésarG.Lizarazo, L. Robinson, Sildrey Upegui Rincon, Juliana Guarguati Ariza
espanolObjetivo: Determinar el impacto causado por el tipo de herramienta y tipo de guante sobre la transmisibilidad de la vibracion mano-brazo. Metodos: Se realizo un diseno experimental a trabajadores del sector de hidrocarburos, con el objetivo de identificar la transmisibilidad global de los guantes en diferentes actividades. Las mediciones se realizaron a traves de dos acelerometros: uno instalado en la maqui na y otro en la palma de la mano. La transmisibilidad fue calculada en el rango de frecuencias 0-2 kHz, para cinco tipos de herramientas y 3 tipos de guantes. Finalmente, se compararon los tiempos de exposicion a los que puede estar expuesto el trabajador con el uso de los guantes. Resultados: Se identifico la efectividad de los guantes para proteger a los operarios, permitiendoles trabajar un mayor numero de horas por dia. El analisis estadistico evidencia que la variable tipo de herra mienta tiene un efecto significativo sobre la transmisibilidad, mien tras que el tipo de guante no presenta efecto estadistico alguno. El estudio presenta los porcentajes de aumento de tiempos de exposi cion y el estudio de las transmisibilidades. Conclusiones: Los tres tipos de guantes evaluados mostraron tener un desempeno eficaz como atenuadores de la vibracion. El aumento del tiempo de exposicion permitido al usar guantes es muy significa tivo para todas las herramientas. EnglishObjective: Determine the impact caused by the type of tool and type of glove on the transmissibility of the hand-arm vibration. Methods: An experimental design was carried out for workers in the hydrocarbon sector, in order to identify the global transmissibility of gloves in different activities. The measurements were made through two accelerometers: one installed in the machine and the other in the palm of the hand. The transmissibility was calculated in the fre quency range 0-2 kHz, for five types of tools and 3 types of gloves. Finally, the exposure times to which the worker may be exposed with the use of gloves were compared. Results: The effectiveness of the gloves was identified to protect the workers, allowing them to work a greater number of hours per day. The statistical analysis shows that the variable type of tool has a significant effect on transmissibility, while the type of glove does not have any statistical effect. The study presents the percentages of increase in exposure times and the study of transmissibilities. Conclusions: The three types of gloves evaluated showed an effec tive performance as vibration attenuators. The increase of the expo sure time allowed when wearing gloves is very significant for all tools.
{"title":"Herramientas Manuales Vibrátiles y Guantes Anti-Vibrátiles","authors":"Rigoberto Quinchía, S. CésarG.Lizarazo, L. Robinson, Sildrey Upegui Rincon, Juliana Guarguati Ariza","doi":"10.4067/S0718-24492018000300137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000300137","url":null,"abstract":"espanolObjetivo: Determinar el impacto causado por el tipo de herramienta y tipo de guante sobre la transmisibilidad de la vibracion mano-brazo. Metodos: Se realizo un diseno experimental a trabajadores del sector de hidrocarburos, con el objetivo de identificar la transmisibilidad global de los guantes en diferentes actividades. Las mediciones se realizaron a traves de dos acelerometros: uno instalado en la maqui na y otro en la palma de la mano. La transmisibilidad fue calculada en el rango de frecuencias 0-2 kHz, para cinco tipos de herramientas y 3 tipos de guantes. Finalmente, se compararon los tiempos de exposicion a los que puede estar expuesto el trabajador con el uso de los guantes. Resultados: Se identifico la efectividad de los guantes para proteger a los operarios, permitiendoles trabajar un mayor numero de horas por dia. El analisis estadistico evidencia que la variable tipo de herra mienta tiene un efecto significativo sobre la transmisibilidad, mien tras que el tipo de guante no presenta efecto estadistico alguno. El estudio presenta los porcentajes de aumento de tiempos de exposi cion y el estudio de las transmisibilidades. Conclusiones: Los tres tipos de guantes evaluados mostraron tener un desempeno eficaz como atenuadores de la vibracion. El aumento del tiempo de exposicion permitido al usar guantes es muy significa tivo para todas las herramientas. EnglishObjective: Determine the impact caused by the type of tool and type of glove on the transmissibility of the hand-arm vibration. Methods: An experimental design was carried out for workers in the hydrocarbon sector, in order to identify the global transmissibility of gloves in different activities. The measurements were made through two accelerometers: one installed in the machine and the other in the palm of the hand. The transmissibility was calculated in the fre quency range 0-2 kHz, for five types of tools and 3 types of gloves. Finally, the exposure times to which the worker may be exposed with the use of gloves were compared. Results: The effectiveness of the gloves was identified to protect the workers, allowing them to work a greater number of hours per day. The statistical analysis shows that the variable type of tool has a significant effect on transmissibility, while the type of glove does not have any statistical effect. The study presents the percentages of increase in exposure times and the study of transmissibilities. Conclusions: The three types of gloves evaluated showed an effec tive performance as vibration attenuators. The increase of the expo sure time allowed when wearing gloves is very significant for all tools.","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46890734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-24492018000300155
Nelson Castro Méndez
{"title":"Riesgos Psicosociales y Salud Laboral en Centros de Salud","authors":"Nelson Castro Méndez","doi":"10.4067/s0718-24492018000300155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-24492018000300155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70164086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-24492018000300178
María Margarita Chiang Vega, Gabriel Rodrigo Riquelme Neira, Pedro Alfonso Rivas Escobar
{"title":"Relación entre Satisfacción Laboral, Estrés Laboral y sus Resultados en Trabajadores de una Institución de Beneficencia de la Provincia de Concepción","authors":"María Margarita Chiang Vega, Gabriel Rodrigo Riquelme Neira, Pedro Alfonso Rivas Escobar","doi":"10.4067/s0718-24492018000300178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-24492018000300178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70164113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-24492018000300160
Lars T. Moreno Alestedt, Santiago M. Vaca Morales, Diana I. Martínez Changuan, P. Bermúdez, Isabel M. Cárdenas Moncayo, A. García
{"title":"Diseño y Validación de un Cuestionario para el Diagnóstico de Riesgos Psicosociales en Empresas Ecuatorianas","authors":"Lars T. Moreno Alestedt, Santiago M. Vaca Morales, Diana I. Martínez Changuan, P. Bermúdez, Isabel M. Cárdenas Moncayo, A. García","doi":"10.4067/S0718-24492018000300160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000300160","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0718-24492018000300160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41370536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-24492018000200076
C. Villarroel, Carolina Busco R., Belén Neira L., André Ensignia E., Pablo Durán V.
espanolEn Chile, la normativa exige que todas las empresas e instituciones evaluen y gestionen los riesgos psicosociales en sus lugares de trabajo. Uno de los sectores donde se produce la mayor cantidad de casos de patologias de salud mental de origen laboral es, justamen te, en el ambito de la atencion en salud. Motivados en esta situacion, el presente estudio abordo los datos obtenidos en dos establecimientos publicos de salud y genero un tratamiento estadistico capaz de identificar los principales factores de riesgo para la poblacion estudiada. EnglishIn Chile, the regulations require that all companies and institutions evaluate and manage psychosocial risks at their workplaces. One of the work areas where the greatest number of cases of mental health pathologies related to work occurs, is precisely in the field of health care. Motivated by this situation, this study addressed the data obtained in two Public Health Facilities to generate a statistical treatment capable of identify the main risk factor's for the population studied.
{"title":"Modelo de Intervención de Riesgos Psicosociales en la Red Asistencial de Salud","authors":"C. Villarroel, Carolina Busco R., Belén Neira L., André Ensignia E., Pablo Durán V.","doi":"10.4067/S0718-24492018000200076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000200076","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn Chile, la normativa exige que todas las empresas e instituciones evaluen y gestionen los riesgos psicosociales en sus lugares de trabajo. Uno de los sectores donde se produce la mayor cantidad de casos de patologias de salud mental de origen laboral es, justamen te, en el ambito de la atencion en salud. Motivados en esta situacion, el presente estudio abordo los datos obtenidos en dos establecimientos publicos de salud y genero un tratamiento estadistico capaz de identificar los principales factores de riesgo para la poblacion estudiada. EnglishIn Chile, the regulations require that all companies and institutions evaluate and manage psychosocial risks at their workplaces. One of the work areas where the greatest number of cases of mental health pathologies related to work occurs, is precisely in the field of health care. Motivated by this situation, this study addressed the data obtained in two Public Health Facilities to generate a statistical treatment capable of identify the main risk factor's for the population studied.","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42320496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-24492018000200061
Ximena Díaz Berr, A. Cardarelli, Cristián Villarroel Poblete, J. Cifuentes, Daniela Campos Schwarze
espanolLa violencia laboral externa, aquella que ejercen personas que no tienen una relacion de trabajo directa con las victimas (clientes, usuarios, asaltantes), es parte constitutiva de la violencia laboral, un problema de salud publica de creciente magnitud. En Chile la medicion de la violen cia laboral externa asi como sus vinculos con la salud mental han sido poco estudiados, en parte por la inexistencia de instrumentos de evaluacion. Objetivo:Elaborar y validar un instrumento para medir y caracterizar violencia externa, factores de riesgo y efectos en salud mental en trabajadores/as de la salud, educacion, retail y administracion publica. Metodologia:tecnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas: grupos focales, panel de expertos y aplicacion del instrumento a 554 trabaja dores/as. Resultados:El analisis factorial obtiene 7 factores referidos a violencia fisica, no fisica y a causas vinculadas al lugar de trabajo, los/ as usuarios/as y los/as trabajadores/as. La consistencia interna y confia bilidad del instrumento son estadisticamente significativas. Se confirma su capacidad para discriminar la existencia de violencia laboral externa, su intensidad y factores de riesgo en los sectores estudiados. No se observan correlaciones significativas con psicopatologia medida a tra ves del GHQ-12. Conclusiones:El instrumento tiene las propiedades para discriminar y medir la violencia laboral externa en los sectores estudiados. EnglishExternal workplace violence, is understood as that perpetrated by persons outside the organizations such us customers, users, assail ants, and it is a form of workplace violence, a problem of public health of growing magnitude. In Chile, the measurement of external labor violence as well as its links with mental health have been little studied, in part by the absence of evaluation tools. Objective:to develop and validate an instrument to measure and characterize external workplace violence, risk factors and effects on mental health in workers from the health, education, retail, and public administration. Methodology:qualitative and quantitative tech niques: focus groups, expert panel and application of the instrument to 554 workers. Results:factor analysis obtained 7 factors relating to physical, not physical violence and causes related to the work place, the users, and workers - men and women. The internal con sistency and reliability of the instrument are statistically significant. Confirms its ability to discriminate the existence of external work place violence, it intensity and risk factors in the studied sectors. Failure to observe significant correlations with psychopathology measured by GHQ-12. Conclusion:The instrument has the properties to discriminate and measure the external workplace violence in the sectors considered.
{"title":"Elaboración y Validación de un Instrumento para la Medición de la Violencia Laboral Externa y sus Factores de Riesgo en Población de Trabajadores y Trabajadoras Chileno/as","authors":"Ximena Díaz Berr, A. Cardarelli, Cristián Villarroel Poblete, J. Cifuentes, Daniela Campos Schwarze","doi":"10.4067/S0718-24492018000200061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000200061","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa violencia laboral externa, aquella que ejercen personas que no tienen una relacion de trabajo directa con las victimas (clientes, usuarios, asaltantes), es parte constitutiva de la violencia laboral, un problema de salud publica de creciente magnitud. En Chile la medicion de la violen cia laboral externa asi como sus vinculos con la salud mental han sido poco estudiados, en parte por la inexistencia de instrumentos de evaluacion. Objetivo:Elaborar y validar un instrumento para medir y caracterizar violencia externa, factores de riesgo y efectos en salud mental en trabajadores/as de la salud, educacion, retail y administracion publica. Metodologia:tecnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas: grupos focales, panel de expertos y aplicacion del instrumento a 554 trabaja dores/as. Resultados:El analisis factorial obtiene 7 factores referidos a violencia fisica, no fisica y a causas vinculadas al lugar de trabajo, los/ as usuarios/as y los/as trabajadores/as. La consistencia interna y confia bilidad del instrumento son estadisticamente significativas. Se confirma su capacidad para discriminar la existencia de violencia laboral externa, su intensidad y factores de riesgo en los sectores estudiados. No se observan correlaciones significativas con psicopatologia medida a tra ves del GHQ-12. Conclusiones:El instrumento tiene las propiedades para discriminar y medir la violencia laboral externa en los sectores estudiados. EnglishExternal workplace violence, is understood as that perpetrated by persons outside the organizations such us customers, users, assail ants, and it is a form of workplace violence, a problem of public health of growing magnitude. In Chile, the measurement of external labor violence as well as its links with mental health have been little studied, in part by the absence of evaluation tools. Objective:to develop and validate an instrument to measure and characterize external workplace violence, risk factors and effects on mental health in workers from the health, education, retail, and public administration. Methodology:qualitative and quantitative tech niques: focus groups, expert panel and application of the instrument to 554 workers. Results:factor analysis obtained 7 factors relating to physical, not physical violence and causes related to the work place, the users, and workers - men and women. The internal con sistency and reliability of the instrument are statistically significant. Confirms its ability to discriminate the existence of external work place violence, it intensity and risk factors in the studied sectors. Failure to observe significant correlations with psychopathology measured by GHQ-12. Conclusion:The instrument has the properties to discriminate and measure the external workplace violence in the sectors considered.","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0718-24492018000200061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45058430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-24492018000200097
Luciana Zaranza Monteiro, Bruno Alves de Lira, Priscila de Souza, Francelino Braga Junior
EnglishThe objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of barriers and their association with physical activity in servers of a Federal District college. It is a cross-sectional study with 270 administrative servers from a faculty of the Federal District, Brazil, developed between October 2016 and May 2017. Sociodemographic informa tion, physical activity practice and perceived barriers were collected. The barriers were analyzed individually and grouped into domains (environmental, behavioral, physical and social). Associations between perceived barriers (by domains) and practice of physical activities were tested by means of Poisson Regression. Results: The main barriers perceived by the employees of both genders were extensive work hours (women = 33.9%, men = 24.1%), lack of energy (women = 17.3%, men = 14.9%). Women and men who per ceived social barriers to physical activity presented a higher proba bility (OR = 2.13, 95%CI = 1.08-5.40, OR = 1.92, 95%CI = 0.87, 4.88, respectively) of being physically inactive. Physical barriers were associated with physical inactivity in women (OR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.41-4.47). The barriers of the social domain were associated with physical inactivity for both genders. The development of healthy public policies with the purpose of increasing the stimulus to the practice of physical activity. portuguesO objetivo deste estudo foi comparar entre os generos a prevalencia de barreiras e sua associacao com a pratica de atividades fisicas em servidores de uma faculdade do Distrito Federal. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 270 servidores administrativos de uma facul dade do Distrito Federal, Brasil, desenvolvido entre outubro de 2016 a maio de 2017. Foram coletadas informacoes sociodemograficas, pratica de atividade fisica e barreiras percebidas. As barreiras foram analisadas individualmente e agrupadas em dominios (ambiental, comportamental, fisico e social). Associacoes entre barreiras percebi das (por dominios) e pratica de atividades fisicas foram testadas por meio de Regressao de Poisson. Resultados: As principais barreiras percebidas pelos servidores, de ambos os generos, foram jornada de trabalho extensa (mulheres = 33,9%, homens= 24,1%), falta de ener gia (mulheres= 17,3%, homens= 14,9%). As mulheres e os homens que percebiam barreiras sociais para a pratica de atividade fisica apresentaram, probabilidade maior (OR=2,13; IC95%= 1,08-5,40; OR=1,92; IC95%=0,87-4,88, respectivamente) de serem inativos fisicamente. As barreiras fisicas estiveram associadas a inatividade fisica nas mulheres (OR= 1,82; IC95%=1,41-4,47). As barreiras do dominio social estiveram associadas a inatividade fisica, para ambos os gene ros. O desenvolvimento de politicas publicas saudaveis com o propo sito de aumentar o estimulo a pratica de atividade fisica.
本研究的目的是比较联邦区一所大学的服务人员的障碍发生率及其与体育活动的关系。这是一项横断面研究，涉及2016年10月至2017年5月期间开发的巴西联邦区某学院的270台管理服务器。收集社会人口学信息、体育活动实践和感知障碍。对这些障碍进行了单独分析，并将其分为环境、行为、物理和社会四个领域。感知障碍(按领域)与体育活动实践之间的关联通过泊松回归进行检验。结果:男女员工认为的主要障碍是工作时间过长(女性= 33.9%，男性= 24.1%)和精力不足(女性= 17.3%，男性= 14.9%)。认为存在社会障碍妨碍身体活动的女性和男性出现身体不活动的可能性更高(OR = 2.13, 95%CI = 1.08-5.40, OR = 1.92, 95%CI = 0.87, 4.88)。身体障碍与女性缺乏身体活动有关(OR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.41-4.47)。社会领域的障碍与男女缺乏运动有关。制定健康的公共政策，以增加对体育活动的刺激。【目的】建立一个比较中心，使其具有较强的普遍性，使其具有较强的竞争力，使其具有较强的竞争力，使其具有较强的竞争力，使其具有较强的竞争力。Trata-se de um estudo横向com 270服务于巴西联邦地区的行政部门，2016年和2017年的主要服务对象。信息学、社会人口学、实践经济学、经济学和认知经济学。正如barreiras有组织的个人分析一样，agrupadas也有自己的领域(环境、组合、财政和社会)。Associacoes entre barreiras percebi das (por dominios)、pratica de atividades fiscal、por meio de Regressao de Poisson。结果:主要有:(1)感知性脑损伤，(2)属脑损伤，(3)属脑损伤，(3)属脑损伤，(3)属脑损伤，(3)属脑损伤，(3)属脑损伤，(4)属脑损伤，(3)属脑损伤，(3)属脑损伤，(4)属脑损伤。当个体知觉障碍与社会实践障碍之间存在差异时，概率主要(OR=2,13;IC95% = 1, 08-5 40;或= 1,92;(95%=0,87-4,88)。由于barreiras财政政策是一个积极的财政政策(OR= 1,82;IC95% = 1, 41-4 47)。正如巴雷拉对社会活动协会的支配是一种主动的财政，para ambo对基因的支配也是如此。因此，在政治上、公共上和经济上的不参与，是一种建议，一种建议，一种实际的、积极的财政刺激。
{"title":"Barreiras Percebidas para a Prática de Atividade Física entre Servidores do Setor Administrativo de uma Faculdade do Distrito Federal","authors":"Luciana Zaranza Monteiro, Bruno Alves de Lira, Priscila de Souza, Francelino Braga Junior","doi":"10.4067/S0718-24492018000200097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000200097","url":null,"abstract":"EnglishThe objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of barriers and their association with physical activity in servers of a Federal District college. It is a cross-sectional study with 270 administrative servers from a faculty of the Federal District, Brazil, developed between October 2016 and May 2017. Sociodemographic informa tion, physical activity practice and perceived barriers were collected. The barriers were analyzed individually and grouped into domains (environmental, behavioral, physical and social). Associations between perceived barriers (by domains) and practice of physical activities were tested by means of Poisson Regression. Results: The main barriers perceived by the employees of both genders were extensive work hours (women = 33.9%, men = 24.1%), lack of energy (women = 17.3%, men = 14.9%). Women and men who per ceived social barriers to physical activity presented a higher proba bility (OR = 2.13, 95%CI = 1.08-5.40, OR = 1.92, 95%CI = 0.87, 4.88, respectively) of being physically inactive. Physical barriers were associated with physical inactivity in women (OR = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.41-4.47). The barriers of the social domain were associated with physical inactivity for both genders. The development of healthy public policies with the purpose of increasing the stimulus to the practice of physical activity. portuguesO objetivo deste estudo foi comparar entre os generos a prevalencia de barreiras e sua associacao com a pratica de atividades fisicas em servidores de uma faculdade do Distrito Federal. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 270 servidores administrativos de uma facul dade do Distrito Federal, Brasil, desenvolvido entre outubro de 2016 a maio de 2017. Foram coletadas informacoes sociodemograficas, pratica de atividade fisica e barreiras percebidas. As barreiras foram analisadas individualmente e agrupadas em dominios (ambiental, comportamental, fisico e social). Associacoes entre barreiras percebi das (por dominios) e pratica de atividades fisicas foram testadas por meio de Regressao de Poisson. Resultados: As principais barreiras percebidas pelos servidores, de ambos os generos, foram jornada de trabalho extensa (mulheres = 33,9%, homens= 24,1%), falta de ener gia (mulheres= 17,3%, homens= 14,9%). As mulheres e os homens que percebiam barreiras sociais para a pratica de atividade fisica apresentaram, probabilidade maior (OR=2,13; IC95%= 1,08-5,40; OR=1,92; IC95%=0,87-4,88, respectivamente) de serem inativos fisicamente. As barreiras fisicas estiveram associadas a inatividade fisica nas mulheres (OR= 1,82; IC95%=1,41-4,47). As barreiras do dominio social estiveram associadas a inatividade fisica, para ambos os gene ros. O desenvolvimento de politicas publicas saudaveis com o propo sito de aumentar o estimulo a pratica de atividade fisica.","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42993735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-24492018000200090
X. Ossa, O. Vasquez, J. Robinovich, L. Bustos, J. Orellana
espanolIntroduccion: La silicosis es una enfermedad pulmonar progresiva, irreversible, pero potencialmente prevenible. Conocer la percepcion de riesgo en trabajadores expuestos a silice es necesario para intervenir y reducir la incidencia de silicosis y otras enfermedades relacionadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue validar un Cuestionario de Percepcion de Riesgo de Exposicion Ocupacional a Silice (CuPREOS) en trabajadores expuestos, en distintas actividades laborales en Temuco, Chile. Material y metodo: Una etapa de exploracion con enfoque fenomenologico/ naturalista permitio conformar categorias de primer y segundo orden, que concluyo en una primera version del instrumento. Una segunda etapa incluyo analisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Resultados: Se develaron dos dimensiones subyacentes: a) evidencia de riesgo, en la que el trabajador manifiesta evaluar senales de alarma y b) ausencia de riesgo, en la que sopesa aspectos que contrarrestan las anteriores. Ambas configuran la estructura conceptual que conforma el CuPREOS de 9 items/preguntas, con una confiabilidad de 0.84 (alfa Cronbach). Los indicadores del analisis confirmatorio revelan un buen ajuste del modelo. Discusion: la percepcion de riesgo es un constructo que involucra complejidades sociales y culturales, su medicion debe ser sencilla y practica; su conocimiento permitiria decisiones mas efectivas en prevencion e intervencion. EnglishIntroduction: Silicosis is a progressive lung disease, irreversible, but potentially preventable. Knowing the perception of risk in workers exposed to silica is necessary to intervene and reduce the incidence of silicosis and other related diseases. The objective of this study was to validate a Questionnaire of risk perception of occupational expo sure to silica (CuPREOS) in exposed workers, in different work activities in Temuco, Chile. Material and method: A stage of explo ration with phenomenological/naturalist approach allowed to create categories of first and second order, which ended in a first version of the instrument. The second stage included exploratory and con firmatory factor analysis. Results: two underlying dimensions were revealed: a) evidence of risk, in which worker states to evaluate signals of alarm and b) absence of risk, in which he weighs aspects that counteract the previous ones. Both set up the conceptual frame work that sustain the CuPREOS of 9 items/questions, with a reliabil ity of 0.84 (Cronbach alfa). The confirmatory analysis indicators show a good fit of the model. Discussion: the perception of risk is a construct involving social and cultural complexities, its measurement should be simple and practical; its knowledge would enable more effective decision-making in prevention and intervention.
{"title":"Percepción de Riesgo de Exposición Ocupacional a Sílice: Construcción y Validación de un Cuestionario en Chile","authors":"X. Ossa, O. Vasquez, J. Robinovich, L. Bustos, J. Orellana","doi":"10.4067/S0718-24492018000200090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000200090","url":null,"abstract":"espanolIntroduccion: La silicosis es una enfermedad pulmonar progresiva, irreversible, pero potencialmente prevenible. Conocer la percepcion de riesgo en trabajadores expuestos a silice es necesario para intervenir y reducir la incidencia de silicosis y otras enfermedades relacionadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue validar un Cuestionario de Percepcion de Riesgo de Exposicion Ocupacional a Silice (CuPREOS) en trabajadores expuestos, en distintas actividades laborales en Temuco, Chile. Material y metodo: Una etapa de exploracion con enfoque fenomenologico/ naturalista permitio conformar categorias de primer y segundo orden, que concluyo en una primera version del instrumento. Una segunda etapa incluyo analisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Resultados: Se develaron dos dimensiones subyacentes: a) evidencia de riesgo, en la que el trabajador manifiesta evaluar senales de alarma y b) ausencia de riesgo, en la que sopesa aspectos que contrarrestan las anteriores. Ambas configuran la estructura conceptual que conforma el CuPREOS de 9 items/preguntas, con una confiabilidad de 0.84 (alfa Cronbach). Los indicadores del analisis confirmatorio revelan un buen ajuste del modelo. Discusion: la percepcion de riesgo es un constructo que involucra complejidades sociales y culturales, su medicion debe ser sencilla y practica; su conocimiento permitiria decisiones mas efectivas en prevencion e intervencion. EnglishIntroduction: Silicosis is a progressive lung disease, irreversible, but potentially preventable. Knowing the perception of risk in workers exposed to silica is necessary to intervene and reduce the incidence of silicosis and other related diseases. The objective of this study was to validate a Questionnaire of risk perception of occupational expo sure to silica (CuPREOS) in exposed workers, in different work activities in Temuco, Chile. Material and method: A stage of explo ration with phenomenological/naturalist approach allowed to create categories of first and second order, which ended in a first version of the instrument. The second stage included exploratory and con firmatory factor analysis. Results: two underlying dimensions were revealed: a) evidence of risk, in which worker states to evaluate signals of alarm and b) absence of risk, in which he weighs aspects that counteract the previous ones. Both set up the conceptual frame work that sustain the CuPREOS of 9 items/questions, with a reliabil ity of 0.84 (Cronbach alfa). The confirmatory analysis indicators show a good fit of the model. Discussion: the perception of risk is a construct involving social and cultural complexities, its measurement should be simple and practical; its knowledge would enable more effective decision-making in prevention and intervention.","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0718-24492018000200090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46938048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-24492018000200080
Rafael Cunha Laux, Karoline Hoff, Danielle Ledur Antes, Aline Cviatkovski, S. T. Corazza
espanolLa presion del mercado de trabajo sumada a las pocas horas de ocio ha acarreado en diversos disturbios psicologicos, entre ellos la ansiedad, que influye en el bienestar del trabajador, afectando incluso su rendimiento profesional. En esta perspectiva, el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar el efecto de un Programa de Ejercicio Fisico en el Ambiente de Trabajo sobre la ansiedad de los funcionarios tecnicos administrativos. El grupo de estudio fue constituido por 36 sujetos con edad media de 33,81 ± 1,45 anos, encuadrados como sedentarios o insuficientemente activos por el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Fisica version VIII reducida. La ansiedad de los sujetos fue evaluada a traves del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck - Bai. El programa de ejercicio fisico en el ambiente de trabajo se desarrollo utilizando ejercicios de flexion, refuerzo muscular, relaja cion y estiramiento. Cada clase tuvo una duracion de 10 minutos, tres veces por semana en un periodo de 12 semanas, totalizando 36 clases (6 horas de actividades). Los resultados mostraron una disminucion de la ansiedad de los sujetos en la comparacion entre pre y post test en el grupo experimental (p portuguesA pressao do mercado de trabalho somada as poucas horas de lazer tem acarretado em diversos disturbios psicologicos, dentre eles a ansiedade, que influencia no bem estar do trabalhador, afetando ate mesmo o seu rendimento profissional. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o efeito de um Programa de Exercicio Fisico no Ambiente de Trabalho sobre a ansiedade dos funcionarios tecnicos administrativos. O grupo de estudo foi constituido por 36 sujeitos com idade media de 33,81±1,45 anos, enquadrados como sedentarios ou insuficientemente ativos pelo Questionario Internacional de Atividade Fisica versao VIII reduzida. A ansiedade dos sujeitos foi avaliada por meio do Inventario de Ansiedade de Beck - Bai. O pro grama de exercicio fisico no ambiente de trabalho foi desenvolvido utilizando exercicios de flexionamento, reforco muscular, relaxamen to e alongamento. Cada aula teve duracao de 10 minutos, tres vezes por semana em um periodo de 12 semanas, totalizando 36 aulas (6 horas de atividades). Os resultados apontaram uma diminuicao da ansiedade dos sujeitos na comparacao entre pre e pos teste no grupo experimental (p
西班牙劳动力市场的压力，加上很少的闲暇时间，导致了各种心理障碍，包括焦虑，这影响了工人的福利，甚至影响了他们的工作表现。从这个角度出发，本研究的目的是验证工作环境中的体育锻炼计划对技术管理人员焦虑的影响。研究组由36名受试者组成，平均年龄33.81±1.45岁，根据国际体育活动问卷缩小版VIII，被归类为久坐或缺乏活动。受试者的焦虑通过贝克-白焦虑量表进行评估。工作场所的体育锻炼计划包括弯曲、肌肉强化、放松和伸展。每节课10分钟，每周三次，为期12周，共36节课(6小时的活动)。结果显示一个焦虑的受试者在comparacion disminucion试验在事前和事后test (p葡萄牙pressao do trabalho市场somada as poucas小时lazer有acarretado嗯许多psicologicos骚乱事件,dentre脚步ansiedade,不影响边界元法要do trabalhador afetando即使或领带的rendimento profissional。从这个角度出发，本研究的目的是验证工作场所体育锻炼计划对行政技术人员焦虑的影响。研究组由36名受试者组成，平均年龄33.81±1.45岁，根据国际体育活动问卷第八版减少版，被归类为久坐或缺乏活动。采用贝克-白焦虑量表对受试者的焦虑进行评估。采用屈曲、肌肉强化、放松和伸展等方法，制定了工作场所的体育锻炼方案。每节课10分钟，每周三次，为期12周，共36节课(6小时的活动)。结果显示，实验组(p < 0.05)的前测和后测相比，被试的焦虑程度有所降低。
{"title":"Efeito de um Programa de Exercício Físico no Ambiente de Trabalho Sobre a Ansiedade","authors":"Rafael Cunha Laux, Karoline Hoff, Danielle Ledur Antes, Aline Cviatkovski, S. T. Corazza","doi":"10.4067/S0718-24492018000200080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-24492018000200080","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa presion del mercado de trabajo sumada a las pocas horas de ocio ha acarreado en diversos disturbios psicologicos, entre ellos la ansiedad, que influye en el bienestar del trabajador, afectando incluso su rendimiento profesional. En esta perspectiva, el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar el efecto de un Programa de Ejercicio Fisico en el Ambiente de Trabajo sobre la ansiedad de los funcionarios tecnicos administrativos. El grupo de estudio fue constituido por 36 sujetos con edad media de 33,81 ± 1,45 anos, encuadrados como sedentarios o insuficientemente activos por el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Fisica version VIII reducida. La ansiedad de los sujetos fue evaluada a traves del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck - Bai. El programa de ejercicio fisico en el ambiente de trabajo se desarrollo utilizando ejercicios de flexion, refuerzo muscular, relaja cion y estiramiento. Cada clase tuvo una duracion de 10 minutos, tres veces por semana en un periodo de 12 semanas, totalizando 36 clases (6 horas de actividades). Los resultados mostraron una disminucion de la ansiedad de los sujetos en la comparacion entre pre y post test en el grupo experimental (p portuguesA pressao do mercado de trabalho somada as poucas horas de lazer tem acarretado em diversos disturbios psicologicos, dentre eles a ansiedade, que influencia no bem estar do trabalhador, afetando ate mesmo o seu rendimento profissional. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o efeito de um Programa de Exercicio Fisico no Ambiente de Trabalho sobre a ansiedade dos funcionarios tecnicos administrativos. O grupo de estudo foi constituido por 36 sujeitos com idade media de 33,81±1,45 anos, enquadrados como sedentarios ou insuficientemente ativos pelo Questionario Internacional de Atividade Fisica versao VIII reduzida. A ansiedade dos sujeitos foi avaliada por meio do Inventario de Ansiedade de Beck - Bai. O pro grama de exercicio fisico no ambiente de trabalho foi desenvolvido utilizando exercicios de flexionamento, reforco muscular, relaxamen to e alongamento. Cada aula teve duracao de 10 minutos, tres vezes por semana em um periodo de 12 semanas, totalizando 36 aulas (6 horas de atividades). Os resultados apontaram uma diminuicao da ansiedade dos sujeitos na comparacao entre pre e pos teste no grupo experimental (p","PeriodicalId":91227,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia & trabajo : C&T","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0718-24492018000200080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44796421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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