A global review of pyrosomes: Shedding light on the ocean's elusive gelatinous “fire-bodies”

IF 5.1 2区 地球科学 Q1 LIMNOLOGY Limnology and Oceanography Letters Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI:10.1002/lol2.10350
Laura E. Lilly, Iain M. Suthers, Jason D. Everett, Anthony J. Richardson
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Abstract

Pyrosomes are colonial tunicates that form gelatinous tubes and occasionally produce bioluminescent swarms. The rapid “bloom-bust” dynamics of pyrosomes have the potential to outcompete other zooplankton, restructure marine food webs, enhance carbon export, and interfere with human activities. Pyrosomes have been recorded for at least two centuries, yet much remains unknown about their physiology, bloom mechanisms, and ecosystem impacts. Recent bloom reports prompt the question of whether frequencies or densities are increasing, and whether potential population changes are caused by ocean change. This review clarifies current information on pyrosome biology and ecology and explores apparent contradictions in habitat preferences and diel vertical migration (DVM). We posit that the dominant species, Pyrosoma atlanticum, may preferentially inhabit waters below 18°C and alter its DVM activity to maintain overall body temperature near this threshold. Expanding our knowledge of pyrosomes is needed to facilitate their inclusion in ecosystem models and forecasts of future population distributions.

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火体体的全球综述:揭示海洋中难以捉摸的胶状“火体”
火小体是群居的被囊动物,形成胶状管,偶尔产生生物发光群。火小体的快速“盛衰”动态有可能超越其他浮游动物,重构海洋食物网,增加碳输出,并干扰人类活动。火小体的记录至少有两个世纪了,但对它们的生理、开花机制和生态系统影响仍知之甚少。最近的水华报告提出了一个问题,即频率或密度是否在增加,以及潜在的人口变化是否由海洋变化引起。本文综述了火体生物学和生态学的最新研究进展,探讨了火体垂直迁移与生境偏好之间的矛盾。我们假设优势种大西洋火虫(Pyrosoma atlanticum)可能优先栖息在低于18°C的水域,并改变其DVM活性以保持整体体温接近该阈值。需要扩大我们对火体体的认识,以便将它们纳入生态系统模型和预测未来的种群分布。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.00
自引率
3.80%
发文量
63
审稿时长
25 weeks
期刊介绍: Limnology and Oceanography Letters (LO-Letters) serves as a platform for communicating the latest innovative and trend-setting research in the aquatic sciences. Manuscripts submitted to LO-Letters are expected to present high-impact, cutting-edge results, discoveries, or conceptual developments across all areas of limnology and oceanography, including their integration. Selection criteria for manuscripts include their broad relevance to the field, strong empirical and conceptual foundations, succinct and elegant conclusions, and potential to advance knowledge in aquatic sciences.
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