Politics, Social and Economic Change, and Crime: Exploring the Impact of Contextual Effects on Offending Trajectories*

IF 4.1 2区社会学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE Politics & Society Pub Date : 2020-08-11 DOI:10.1177/0032329220942395

S. Farrall, Emily Gray, Phil Mike Jones

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引用次数: 20

Abstract

Do government policies increase the likelihood that some citizens will become persistent criminals? Using criminological concepts such as the idea of a “criminal career” and sociological concepts such as the life course, this article assesses the outcome of macro-level economic policies on individuals’ engagement in crime. Few studies in political science, sociology, or criminology directly link macroeconomic policies to individual offending. Employing individual-level longitudinal data, this article tracks a sample of Britons born in 1970 from childhood to adulthood and examines their offending trajectories through the early 1980s to see the effects of economic policies on individuals’ repeated offending. A model is developed with data from the British 1970 Birth Cohort Study that incorporates individuals, families, and schools and takes account of national-level economic policies (driven by New Right political ideas). Findings suggest that economic restructuring was a key causal factor in offending during the period. Criminologists are encouraged to draw on ideas from political science to help explain offending careers and show how political choices in the management of the economy encourage individual-level responses.

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政治、社会和经济变化与犯罪：探究语境效应对犯罪轨迹的影响*

政府政策是否增加了一些公民成为顽固罪犯的可能性?利用犯罪学概念，如“犯罪生涯”的概念和社会学概念，如生命历程，本文评估了宏观经济政策对个人参与犯罪的影响。很少有政治学、社会学或犯罪学的研究将宏观经济政策与个人犯罪直接联系起来。本文采用个人层面的纵向数据，追踪了1970年出生的英国人从童年到成年的样本，并检查了他们在20世纪80年代初的犯罪轨迹，以了解经济政策对个人重复犯罪的影响。该模型是根据英国1970年出生队列研究的数据开发的，该研究将个人、家庭和学校纳入其中，并考虑到国家层面的经济政策(由新右翼政治思想驱动)。研究结果表明，经济结构调整是这一时期犯罪的关键原因。犯罪学家被鼓励利用政治学的观点来帮助解释犯罪职业，并展示经济管理中的政治选择如何鼓励个人层面的反应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Politics & Society Multiple-

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

4.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： Politics & Society is a peer-reviewed journal. All submitted papers are read by a rotating editorial board member. If a paper is deemed potentially publishable, it is sent to another board member, who, if agreeing that it is potentially publishable, sends it to a third board member. If and only if all three agree, the paper is sent to the entire editorial board for consideration at board meetings. The editorial board meets three times a year, and the board members who are present (usually between 9 and 14) make decisions through a deliberative process that also considers written reports from absent members. Unlike many journals which rely on 1–3 individual blind referee reports and a single editor with final say, the peers who decide whether to accept submitted work are thus the full editorial board of the journal, comprised of scholars from various disciplines, who discuss papers openly, with author names known, at meetings. Editors are required to disclose potential conflicts of interest when evaluating manuscripts and to recuse themselves from voting if such a potential exists.

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