New material of Incadelphys antiquus (Pucadelphyda, Metatheria, Mammalia) from the early Palaeocene of Bolivia reveals phylogenetic affinities with enigmatic North and South American metatherians

IF 1.5 3区 地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY Geodiversitas Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI:10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a22
C. de Muizon, Sandrine Ladevèze
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

ABSTRACT The present paper describes a partial skull referred to Incadelphys antiquus, from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia). The specimen includes the anterior part of the skull with maxillae, premaxillae, nasals, lacrimals, anterior part of frontals and jugal, and both dentaries. Most of the teeth are preserved except some incisors. Some of the major characteristics of Incadelphys are the elongation and slenderness of the rostrum as compared to other Tiupampa taxa and the narrowness and blade-like morphology of the premolars. The new specimen is compared to the other Tiupampan pucadelphydans, especially, pucadelphyids, but also sparassodonts. Comparisons with Marmosopsis juradoi, from the early Eocene of Itaboraí and with Aenigmadelphys archeri from the latest Campanian of North America is also meaningful. Among others, the three genera share a strong distolabial extension of their metastylar area of the M1, which has not been observed, to a such extant, in other American metatherians. A phylogenetic parsimony analysis has been performed with exclusion some poorly known taxa, such as Jaskhadelphys minutus (two upper molars only), from Tiupampa or Kiruwamaq chisu (one M?3 only) from the late Eocene of Peru. The taxa included in our analysis are at least known from all upper and lower molars. The result of our analysis with unweighted characters retrieved the inclusion of Incadelphys, Marmosopsis, Szalinia and Aenigmadelphys in the clade Pucadelphyda, which also includes the Pucadelphyidae and the Sparassodonta. An analysis with downweighted homoplastic characters (with Goloboff K=3) resulted in a monophyletic grouping of Szalinia, Aenigmadelphys, Marmosopsis, and Incadelphys in an unnamed clade designated with the working term SAMI (after the initial of these four genera). This result, which we favor, is the first hypothesis which suggests a close relationship between the early Palaeocene - early Eocene, Tiupampa -Itaboraí pucadelphydans and a Late Cretaceous North American taxon, Aenigmadelphys, which is included within the Pucadelphyda.
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玻利维亚古新世早期的Incadelphys antiquus(Pucadelfyda,Metatheria,Mammalia)的新材料揭示了与神秘的北美和南美metatherians的系统发育亲缘关系
摘要本文描述了玻利维亚蒂乌帕古新世早期的一个部分头骨,被称为Incadelphys antiquus。该标本包括头骨的前部,包括上颌骨、前颌骨、鼻、泪、额前部和颈,以及两个牙齿。除了一些门牙外,大部分牙齿都保存了下来。Incadelphys的一些主要特征是与其他Tiupampa分类群相比,主席台的伸长和细长,以及前磨牙的狭窄和刀片状形态。这一新标本与其他的提帕潘pucadelphidans进行了比较,特别是pucadelyids,但也与Sparassodons进行了比较。与Itaboraí始新世早期的Marmosopsis juradoi和北美最新Campanian的Aenigmadelphis archeri进行比较也很有意义。在其他属中,这三个属在M1的后柱体区域有着强烈的二柱体延伸,而在其他美洲后柱体亚目中还没有观察到这种延伸。进行了系统发育简约分析,排除了一些鲜为人知的分类群,如秘鲁始新世晚期的Jaskadelphys minutus(仅两颗上臼齿)或Kiruwamaq chisu(仅一颗M3)。我们分析中包含的分类群至少从所有上臼齿和下臼齿中都是已知的。我们对未加权特征的分析结果表明,在Pucadelfyda分支中包括Incadelphys、Marmosopsis、Szalina和Aenigmadelphis,该分支还包括Pucadelphidae和Sparassodonta。通过对权重较低的同源性特征(Goloboff K=3)的分析,得出了Szalina、Aenigmadelphis、Marmosopsis和Incadelphys在一个未命名的分支中的单系群,该分支以工作术语SAMI命名(在这四个属的首字母之后)。我们支持这一结果,这是第一个表明古新世早期-始新世早期Tiupampa-Itaboraípucadelphidans与白垩纪晚期北美分类单元Aenigmadelphis之间存在密切关系的假设,该分类单元包含在Pucadelphida中。
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来源期刊
Geodiversitas
Geodiversitas 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
5.60%
发文量
31
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Geodiversitas is a fully electronic journal, with a continuous publication stream, devoted to varied aspects of Earth Sciences. It publishes original results particularly on systematics, phylogeny, paleobiodiversity and paleoenvironment. Thematic issues may also be published under the responsibility of a guest editor.
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