Scoring scheme for Comparative Ranking of impact potential of chemical Alternatives (SCoRA)

IF 5.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 Environmental Science Environmental Sciences Europe Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI:10.1186/s12302-023-00718-3

Monika Nendza, Stefan Hahn, Michael Klein, Ursula Klaschka, Silke Gabbert

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Abstract

Background

Replacing hazardous chemicals with safer alternatives is essential for a toxic-free environment. To avoid regrettable substitution, a comparison of the entire spectrum of potential impacts of the candidate for substitution with those of the available alternatives is required. A particular challenge is to also capture yet unknown long-term impacts of (very) persistent chemicals, including but not limited to PBT and CMR properties.

Results

For a flexible and transparent comparative ranking of the impact potential of chemical alternatives, we propose a concern-based scoring scheme (Scoring scheme for Comparative Ranking of chemical Alternatives, SCoRA). The approach accounts for hazards due to ecotoxicity in water/sediment and soil, and effects on human health such as CMR properties and endocrine disruption. This is combined with exposure-related information in terms of expected environmental pollution stock levels. The SCoRA approach is illustrated with case study chemicals of very high concern (15 SVHC, mostly PBT, representing different chemical classes with different modes of bioaccumulation and toxicity). A comparison of PBT substances reveals that SCoRA goes well beyond binary screening criteria (PBT: yes/no), showing that PBT substances are all of very high concern, although their impact profiles can be substantially different. Ordinal scores support a detailed characterisation of their potential for long-term impacts. Furthermore, SCoRA enables a coherent comparative assessment of substances with different primary concerns, for example PBTness and endocrine disruption.

Conclusions

SCoRA complements existing and established tools such as comparative risk assessment. It is particularly useful, when, for example, only limited data are available or when risk assessment is not feasible, as in the case of persistent chemicals. A strength of SCoRA is that the relative contributions of the impact components determining the concern can be visualised with a heatmap and fingerprints. This facilitates communication among scientists, regulators, risk managers, stakeholders and the public.

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化学替代品影响潜力比较排名评分方案(SCoRA)

背景:用更安全的替代品替代危险化学品对于无毒性环境至关重要。为了避免令人遗憾的替代，需要将替代备选方案与现有替代方案的潜在影响的整个范围进行比较。一个特别的挑战是捕获(非常)持久性化学品的未知长期影响，包括但不限于PBT和CMR特性。结果为了对化学替代品的影响潜力进行灵活透明的比较排名，我们提出了一种基于关注点的评分方案(scoring scheme for comparative ranking of chemical alternatives, SCoRA)。该方法考虑了水/沉积物和土壤中生态毒性造成的危害，以及对人体健康的影响，如CMR特性和内分泌干扰。这与预期环境污染存量水平方面与暴露有关的信息相结合。SCoRA方法通过对高度关注的化学品(15种SVHC，主要是PBT，代表不同的化学类别，具有不同的生物积累和毒性模式)的案例研究来说明。对PBT物质的比较表明，SCoRA远远超出了二元筛选标准(PBT:是/否)，表明PBT物质都是非常值得关注的，尽管它们的影响概况可能有很大不同。序数分数支持对其潜在长期影响的详细描述。此外，SCoRA能够对具有不同主要关注点的物质进行连贯的比较评估，例如PBTness和内分泌干扰。结论:scora是对现有和已建立的比较风险评估等工具的补充。例如，在只有有限的数据可用或无法进行风险评估的情况下，例如在持久性化学品的情况下，它特别有用。SCoRA的一个优点是，确定关注点的影响组件的相对贡献可以通过热图和指纹可视化。这促进了科学家、监管机构、风险管理者、利益相关者和公众之间的沟通。

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来源期刊

Environmental Sciences Europe Environmental Science-Pollution

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

1.70%

发文量

110

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation. ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation. ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation. Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues. Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.