Vegetative propagation of elite Eucalyptus clones as food source for honeybees (Apis mellifera); adventitious roots versus callus formation

IF 0.9 4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Israel Journal of Plant Sciences Pub Date : 2020-02-25 DOI:10.1163/22238980-20191112
Avi Eliyahu, Zvi Duman, S. Sherf, O. Genin, Y. Cinnamon, M. Abu-Abied, Roy Weinstain, A. Dag, E. Sadot
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引用次数: 15

Abstract

Summer and autumn in Israel are highly arid with not enough plants in bloom offering nectar and pollen to support the local apiary. This leads to decline in colony health and honey production. To increase food sources for honeybees, we initiated a project to clone elite Eucalyptus trees exhibiting constant and rich blooming from late summer to early winter. We induced adventitious roots from cuttings of two mature Eucalyptus trees of which nectar production and honeybees’ attraction was measured: Eucalyptus brachyphylla and Eucalyptus x trabutii. During the rooting process, a high frequency of cylindrical callus formation instead of roots was obtained. To shed light on the inner anatomy of the callus chunks, we compared their cell organization and cell-wall composition to those of roots. Whereas in the root, cells were organized in circumferential symmetry, no symmetry was found in the callus. Instead, a more chaotic accumulation of meristematic-like cells with sporadic clusters of tracheary elements laid in different directions were observed. The outer cell layer of the callus often included swollen cells with thin cell walls. Most callus cells stained more strongly for cellulose and lignin than cells in the root meristem. In addition, specific antibodies to methylesterified and de-methylesterified pectin showed differential staining of callus vs. root cells indicating cell wall differences. Strikingly, roots were seen to differentiate from the chaotic cell organization of the callus, albeit at low rates. Further investigation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying callus formation, are required.
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优桉无性繁殖作为蜜蜂食物来源的研究不定根与愈伤组织的形成
以色列的夏季和秋季非常干旱,没有足够的开花植物提供花蜜和花粉来支持当地的养蜂场。这导致蜂群健康和蜂蜜产量下降。为了增加蜜蜂的食物来源,我们启动了一个项目,克隆优质桉树,这些树在夏末到初冬期间开花持续且丰富。以短叶桉(Eucalyptus brachyphylla)和小叶桉(Eucalyptus x trabutii)两棵成熟桉树的插枝为材料,对其花蜜产量和蜜蜂吸引力进行了诱导不定根。在生根过程中,形成圆柱形愈伤组织的频率较高,而不是根。为了阐明愈伤组织块的内部解剖结构,我们将其细胞组织和细胞壁组成与根的细胞组织和细胞壁组成进行了比较。而在根中,细胞呈周向对称组织,而在愈伤组织中没有发现对称组织。相反,观察到的是一种更混乱的分生组织样细胞的积累,其中有分散的气管元件簇分布在不同的方向。愈伤组织的外层细胞层通常包括细胞壁薄的肿胀细胞。大多数愈伤组织细胞比根分生组织细胞对纤维素和木质素的染色更强烈。此外,针对甲基化和去甲基化果胶的特异性抗体显示愈伤组织和根细胞的差异染色,表明细胞壁的差异。引人注目的是,可以看到根从愈伤组织的混乱细胞组织中分化出来,尽管分化率很低。需要进一步研究愈伤组织形成的细胞和分子机制。
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来源期刊
Israel Journal of Plant Sciences
Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Israel Journal of Plant Sciences is an international journal of extensive scope that publishes special issues dealing with all aspects of plant sciences, including but not limited to: physiology, cell biology, development, botany, genetic
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