Pub Date : 2024-05-02DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10092
Rahul Sharma, Som Dev Sharma, Vikas Kumar Sharma, Reena Kumari, Shireen Khatri
Identification of different pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) genotypes using morphological descriptors and further substantiated through molecular means is essential for a breeding program. Characterization using molecular markers has an advantage over its morphological counterpart due to its low expense, quick and reliable results, and the requirement of less sophisticated equipment. In this study, eight different pomegranate cultivars were characterized based on their morphological and molecular characters in sub-tropical regions between 2018 and 2019. Morphological experiments were conducted in a randomized block design replicated thrice for each cultivar, whereas RAPD markers were employed for molecular studies. Principal component analysis revealed significant morphological variation (79.61%) among the cultivars. A high level of polymorphism, similar to PCA, was observed with RAPD analysis (80.49%). Some discrepancies between morphological and molecular results were noted in UPGMA cluster analysis. However, eight primers (total = 41) distinctively separated the Bhagwa variety from others, with the maximum similarity coefficient value (ca. 0.54) and superior fruit quality distinguished in PCA analysis with the maximum mean Euclidean distance (ca. 16). Hence, RAPD markers could be used along with morphological markers for a quick screening of germplasms in further crop improvement programs.
{"title":"Morphological and molecular diversity analysis vis-a-vis phylogenetic correlation among pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties","authors":"Rahul Sharma, Som Dev Sharma, Vikas Kumar Sharma, Reena Kumari, Shireen Khatri","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10092","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Identification of different pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) genotypes using morphological descriptors and further substantiated through molecular means is essential for a breeding program. Characterization using molecular markers has an advantage over its morphological counterpart due to its low expense, quick and reliable results, and the requirement of less sophisticated equipment. In this study, eight different pomegranate cultivars were characterized based on their morphological and molecular characters in sub-tropical regions between 2018 and 2019. Morphological experiments were conducted in a randomized block design replicated thrice for each cultivar, whereas RAPD markers were employed for molecular studies. Principal component analysis revealed significant morphological variation (79.61%) among the cultivars. A high level of polymorphism, similar to PCA, was observed with RAPD analysis (80.49%). Some discrepancies between morphological and molecular results were noted in UPGMA cluster analysis. However, eight primers (total = 41) distinctively separated the Bhagwa variety from others, with the maximum similarity coefficient value (ca. 0.54) and superior fruit quality distinguished in PCA analysis with the maximum mean Euclidean distance (ca. 16). Hence, RAPD markers could be used along with morphological markers for a quick screening of germplasms in further crop improvement programs.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141019991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10091
A. Petruş-Vancea, Cristian Mircea Petrus
Hyperhydricity, as a phenomenon specific to in vitro plants, triggers a series of changes at the cell and tissue level, which modify the plants’ physiological processes. For a better understanding of this phenomenon, we found it useful to present here the fundamental research on establishing the steps of structural and ultrastructural degradation of cells and tissues, observed by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses, in the leaves of Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera, at 30 days of secondary culture, and their correlation with viability in the third culture. Comparative with control (non-hyperhydric plants), three degradation steps of hyperhydricity were identified in plants regenerated on a culture medium with 2.5 mg·L-1 6-benzyladenine. The first step involved cell wall deformation, which lost its rigidity and became sinuous, causing the enlargement of the intercellular spaces. In the second step, these spaces formed gaps through their union, and the whole membrane system suffered: both chloroplasts and tonoplast were broken (the cytoplasm and vacuolar composition were mixed), the nuclear membrane presented undulations, just before the damage to the tonoplast, and the nucleus became pyknotic. In step 3, the cell showed the beginning of lysis, which leads to necrosis, the cell had nothing in common with a normal ultrastructure. For in vitro plants in this final step, there was no chance of surviving but in steps I and II, the viability was 55-75%. These features can be useful to producers to calculate the level of culture damage and start measures to prevent losses.
{"title":"Morphological, structural, and ultrastructural key features of hyperhydricity in Beta vulgaris L. var. saccharifera","authors":"A. Petruş-Vancea, Cristian Mircea Petrus","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10091","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Hyperhydricity, as a phenomenon specific to in vitro plants, triggers a series of changes at the cell and tissue level, which modify the plants’ physiological processes. For a better understanding of this phenomenon, we found it useful to present here the fundamental research on establishing the steps of structural and ultrastructural degradation of cells and tissues, observed by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses, in the leaves of Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera, at 30 days of secondary culture, and their correlation with viability in the third culture. Comparative with control (non-hyperhydric plants), three degradation steps of hyperhydricity were identified in plants regenerated on a culture medium with 2.5 mg·L-1 6-benzyladenine. The first step involved cell wall deformation, which lost its rigidity and became sinuous, causing the enlargement of the intercellular spaces. In the second step, these spaces formed gaps through their union, and the whole membrane system suffered: both chloroplasts and tonoplast were broken (the cytoplasm and vacuolar composition were mixed), the nuclear membrane presented undulations, just before the damage to the tonoplast, and the nucleus became pyknotic. In step 3, the cell showed the beginning of lysis, which leads to necrosis, the cell had nothing in common with a normal ultrastructure. For in vitro plants in this final step, there was no chance of surviving but in steps I and II, the viability was 55-75%. These features can be useful to producers to calculate the level of culture damage and start measures to prevent losses.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140420849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-23DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10089
R. E. Viol, P. M. Peche, D. Farias, Matheus Pena Campos, P. Curi, Lucídio Henrique Vote Fazenda, Rafael Pio
Plum is a temperate fruit tree and thus shows abundant vegetative bud percentage and flowering following extended periods of low winter temperatures. When adequate periods of low temperatures do not occur, it is necessary to apply products to stimulate bud dormancy break and uniform leaf and flower appearance. This application is more frequently needed when plum trees are grown in the tropics. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative products for breaking dormancy in ‘Reubennel’ plum in subtropical regions. The experiment was conducted at a site located at 22°22’S, 43°77’W and 1,173 m altitude, with a Cwa climate type. The following treatments were applied to eight-year-old ‘Reubennel’ plum trees in the 2018 and 2019 production cycles: 1) a negative standard composed of only water (control), a positive standard composed of 2) 1.5% hydrogen cyanamide (HC) (Dormex® commercial product) plus 4.5% mineral oil, 3) Erger G® organomineral fertilizer supplemented with 3% calcium nitrate, 4) 5% potassium nitrate and 5) 0.3% copper sulfate. Two liters of the treatment solutions were applied per plant with a sprayer. The effect of the tested products on vegetative bud percentage and flowering capacity, production cycle reduction and production and quality of ‘Reubennel’ plums was evaluated. It was concluded that the chemicals used to break dormancy affected only the phenology of plum trees in this subtropical region and that the application of copper sulfate can be used to break dormancy in these trees.
{"title":"Alternative products for breaking dormancy in ‘Reubennel’ plum in subtropical regions","authors":"R. E. Viol, P. M. Peche, D. Farias, Matheus Pena Campos, P. Curi, Lucídio Henrique Vote Fazenda, Rafael Pio","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10089","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Plum is a temperate fruit tree and thus shows abundant vegetative bud percentage and flowering following extended periods of low winter temperatures. When adequate periods of low temperatures do not occur, it is necessary to apply products to stimulate bud dormancy break and uniform leaf and flower appearance. This application is more frequently needed when plum trees are grown in the tropics. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative products for breaking dormancy in ‘Reubennel’ plum in subtropical regions. The experiment was conducted at a site located at 22°22’S, 43°77’W and 1,173 m altitude, with a Cwa climate type. The following treatments were applied to eight-year-old ‘Reubennel’ plum trees in the 2018 and 2019 production cycles: 1) a negative standard composed of only water (control), a positive standard composed of 2) 1.5% hydrogen cyanamide (HC) (Dormex® commercial product) plus 4.5% mineral oil, 3) Erger G® organomineral fertilizer supplemented with 3% calcium nitrate, 4) 5% potassium nitrate and 5) 0.3% copper sulfate. Two liters of the treatment solutions were applied per plant with a sprayer. The effect of the tested products on vegetative bud percentage and flowering capacity, production cycle reduction and production and quality of ‘Reubennel’ plums was evaluated. It was concluded that the chemicals used to break dormancy affected only the phenology of plum trees in this subtropical region and that the application of copper sulfate can be used to break dormancy in these trees.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139605232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Plant growth is significantly impacted by abiotic stress factors including soil salinity and plants do have different mechanism to nullify the effect of these stresses. The current study is to understand the various physio-biochemical characteristics of Mexican prickly poppy ( Argemone mexicana L.), a medicinally valued species belongs to poppy family under different saline conditions (0 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM and 300 mM) to investigate the mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance. The results showed that salinity caused a negative impact on number of leaves, stomatal index and chlorophyll content in plants. Decreased chlorophyll content suggests a decline in photosynthetic rate. The concentrations of stress specific amino acid proline, soluble sugar sucrose, and secondary metabolite phenol were increased in plants treated with increasing concentrations of NaCl solution. Sucrose helps to protect the isolated chloroplast from damage caused by salinity stress. The degree of bleaching seen in the leaf disc assay was an indication of the damage caused by stress. These findings indicated that higher proline, sugar, and phenol content could be the key factors, which offer advantage to Argemone under saline conditions.
{"title":"Evaluation of morpho-physiological and biochemical indicators of salinity stress in Argemone mexicana L., medicinal plant from Papaveraceae","authors":"Sneha Unnikrishnan, Mohankumar Saraladevi Resmi, Gopika Mohan, Padmanabhan Jayanthikumari Vivek","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10087","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Plant growth is significantly impacted by abiotic stress factors including soil salinity and plants do have different mechanism to nullify the effect of these stresses. The current study is to understand the various physio-biochemical characteristics of Mexican prickly poppy ( Argemone mexicana L.), a medicinally valued species belongs to poppy family under different saline conditions (0 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM and 300 mM) to investigate the mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance. The results showed that salinity caused a negative impact on number of leaves, stomatal index and chlorophyll content in plants. Decreased chlorophyll content suggests a decline in photosynthetic rate. The concentrations of stress specific amino acid proline, soluble sugar sucrose, and secondary metabolite phenol were increased in plants treated with increasing concentrations of NaCl solution. Sucrose helps to protect the isolated chloroplast from damage caused by salinity stress. The degree of bleaching seen in the leaf disc assay was an indication of the damage caused by stress. These findings indicated that higher proline, sugar, and phenol content could be the key factors, which offer advantage to Argemone under saline conditions.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135788411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10085
Manpreet Kaur, S. Thakur, O. Choudhary, R. Kaur, V. Kaila, J. Sharma, Bharti
The aim of the study was to assess and quantify the impact of salt stress on key morpho-physiological traits that influence biomass production in Salix clones. In February 2021, a pot experiment was conducted using stem cuttings of five selected Salix clones. The experiment followed a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. The clones were subjected to different levels of NaCl treatments (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mM) during the active growth period. The observations on growth and physiological characteristics of clones were recorded at an interval of two months after initiation of salinity treatments i.e., May, July and October. However, the biomass parameters were recorded at the end of experiment. All the growth and biomass traits showed significant reduction with increase in salinity treatments. Among physiological traits significant reduction were observed in total chlorophyll, carotenoids and relative water content, while salinity stress raised the content of proline, total soluble sugar, total soluble protein and Na+/K+ ratio in all the clones. The enzymatic activities of POD and SOD increased in all the clones when subjected to higher levels of salinity stress. On the basis of overall mean performance, clone UHF-03 showed optimum growth and biomass accumulation at 80 mM and was found to be the most tolerant to salinity stress. SEM and EDS mapping confirmed anatomical changes and Na accumulations in the roots and leaves of Salix in response to salinity stress.
本研究的目的是评估和量化盐胁迫对影响柳属无性系生物量生产的关键形态生理性状的影响。2021年2月，选用5个柳属无性系的茎插条进行盆栽试验。试验采用全随机设计(CRD)，共4个重复。在生育期分别处理0、20、40、60和80 mM NaCl处理。每隔2个月，即5月、7月和10月，记录无性系的生长和生理特性观察。在试验结束时记录生物量参数。所有生长性状和生物量性状均随盐度的增加而显著降低。生理性状中，总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和相对含水量均显著降低，而脯氨酸、总可溶性糖、总可溶性蛋白含量和Na+/K+比值均升高。在较高的盐度胁迫下，所有无性系的POD和SOD酶活性均升高。综合平均性能，无性系UHF-03在80 mM处生长和生物量积累最佳，耐盐性最强。扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)图谱证实了柳根和叶在盐胁迫下的解剖变化和Na积累。
{"title":"Effect of salt stress on morpho-physiological and anatomical attributes of Salix clones","authors":"Manpreet Kaur, S. Thakur, O. Choudhary, R. Kaur, V. Kaila, J. Sharma, Bharti","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10085","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The aim of the study was to assess and quantify the impact of salt stress on key morpho-physiological traits that influence biomass production in Salix clones. In February 2021, a pot experiment was conducted using stem cuttings of five selected Salix clones. The experiment followed a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. The clones were subjected to different levels of NaCl treatments (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mM) during the active growth period. The observations on growth and physiological characteristics of clones were recorded at an interval of two months after initiation of salinity treatments i.e., May, July and October. However, the biomass parameters were recorded at the end of experiment. All the growth and biomass traits showed significant reduction with increase in salinity treatments. Among physiological traits significant reduction were observed in total chlorophyll, carotenoids and relative water content, while salinity stress raised the content of proline, total soluble sugar, total soluble protein and Na+/K+ ratio in all the clones. The enzymatic activities of POD and SOD increased in all the clones when subjected to higher levels of salinity stress. On the basis of overall mean performance, clone UHF-03 showed optimum growth and biomass accumulation at 80 mM and was found to be the most tolerant to salinity stress. SEM and EDS mapping confirmed anatomical changes and Na accumulations in the roots and leaves of Salix in response to salinity stress.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45505298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10086
Siting Chen, Guanglong Qiu
Soil salt damage has become one of the main biological stresses affecting plant seed germination, crop growth and yield. Salt damage can lead to the accumulation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl free radicals in plants, and a large amount of accumulated reactive oxygen species will cause the oxidation of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids and then cause cell damage. In this experiment, the seedlings and adult plants of transgenic Arabidopsis with overexpression of Zostera japonica (Z. japonica) DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 were used as materials. Wild-type and transgenic ZjDjB1 Arabidopsis were treated with 100 mM and 200 mM NaCl and root length, fresh weight, leaf water content and dry weight, physiological indexes and antioxidant system enzyme activities were measured. The results showed that overexpression of Z. japonica DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 could significantly alleviate the damage caused by salt stress to transgenic ZjDjB1 Arabidopsis seedlings and adult plants. The results showed that overexpression of Z. japonica DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 could reduce the content of MDA and O2-, increase the content of proline and activate the enzyme activity of antioxidant system under salt stress, to reduce the damage of salt stress to plants.
{"title":"Enhancement of salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana by Zostera japonica DnaJ gene","authors":"Siting Chen, Guanglong Qiu","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10086","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Soil salt damage has become one of the main biological stresses affecting plant seed germination, crop growth and yield. Salt damage can lead to the accumulation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl free radicals in plants, and a large amount of accumulated reactive oxygen species will cause the oxidation of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids and then cause cell damage. In this experiment, the seedlings and adult plants of transgenic Arabidopsis with overexpression of Zostera japonica (Z. japonica) DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 were used as materials. Wild-type and transgenic ZjDjB1 Arabidopsis were treated with 100 mM and 200 mM NaCl and root length, fresh weight, leaf water content and dry weight, physiological indexes and antioxidant system enzyme activities were measured. The results showed that overexpression of Z. japonica DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 could significantly alleviate the damage caused by salt stress to transgenic ZjDjB1 Arabidopsis seedlings and adult plants. The results showed that overexpression of Z. japonica DnaJ gene ZjDjB1 could reduce the content of MDA and O2-, increase the content of proline and activate the enzyme activity of antioxidant system under salt stress, to reduce the damage of salt stress to plants.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44218438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10084
P. Rajasekharan, Harsha Ravi
The Solanum wild relatives are valuable for developing pest and disease-resistant lines in the breeding program of S. melongena (brinjal). However, breeding new varieties that are superior to the existing ones in S. melongena faces several challenges. To overcome geographical and seasonal barriers, a breeding strategy involving pollen cryopreservation may be helpful. Fifteen different Solanum species/accessions of wild relatives and two accessions from cultivated species were studied for in vitro germination and fertility. Among these S. indicum accessions exhibited the highest fresh pollen germination of 92.7 ± 0.7 (JRPH/15–154) and 88.2 ± 3.2% after 1 year and 4 months of cryostorage. In vivo fertility was estimated by quantifying fruit set after pollination with both fresh and cryopreserved pollen. The cryopreserved pollen was able to set fruit (91.5 ± 0.5 in JRPH/15–154) compared to fresh pollen (100%). Scanning Electron Microscopic studies (SEM) were conducted on both fresh and cryopreserved pollen, and various morphological parameters such as pollen length, breadth, and perimeter were recorded for all the accessions and species. These studies explore the possibility of establishing a pollen cryobank for Solanum wild species.
{"title":"Viability and fertility of cryopreserved pollen of Brinjal and its wild relatives","authors":"P. Rajasekharan, Harsha Ravi","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10084","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The Solanum wild relatives are valuable for developing pest and disease-resistant lines in the breeding program of S. melongena (brinjal). However, breeding new varieties that are superior to the existing ones in S. melongena faces several challenges. To overcome geographical and seasonal barriers, a breeding strategy involving pollen cryopreservation may be helpful. Fifteen different Solanum species/accessions of wild relatives and two accessions from cultivated species were studied for in vitro germination and fertility. Among these S. indicum accessions exhibited the highest fresh pollen germination of 92.7 ± 0.7 (JRPH/15–154) and 88.2 ± 3.2% after 1 year and 4 months of cryostorage. In vivo fertility was estimated by quantifying fruit set after pollination with both fresh and cryopreserved pollen. The cryopreserved pollen was able to set fruit (91.5 ± 0.5 in JRPH/15–154) compared to fresh pollen (100%). Scanning Electron Microscopic studies (SEM) were conducted on both fresh and cryopreserved pollen, and various morphological parameters such as pollen length, breadth, and perimeter were recorded for all the accessions and species. These studies explore the possibility of establishing a pollen cryobank for Solanum wild species.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44060440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-22DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10083
Rachel Einav
Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the environmental factors affecting the ecology of seaweed (macroalgae) populations in the Levant Basin, attempting to identify both similar and different factors that determine distribution. Using correspondence analysis (CA) the study found a significantly similar pattern in the relations between countries and macroalgae – both for the whole group and within each phylum: Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta, Rhodophyta. The study identified two different macroalgae populations in the Levant Basin: The easternmost group living in open water off the coasts of Syria, Lebanon and Israel, and the shell group found in more sheltered waters in Egypt, Turkey, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, and Republic of Cyprus (Greece Cyprus): south Cyprus; and the North Cyprus. The differences between the two communities can be explained by dynamic wave activity. Following a taxonomic and nomenclatural revision according to AlgaeBase, of 693 species to date recorded from the studied area, only 573 species remained. 26 of them appear in all 7 countries and other 68 in 6 countries. 204 species appear in only one country. 3 or 4 species have only been described in the Middle East and could be endemic.
{"title":"Proximity and Distance – Review of Seaweed Communities and the Marine Environment along the Coasts of the Levant Basin","authors":"Rachel Einav","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the environmental factors affecting the ecology of seaweed (macroalgae) populations in the Levant Basin, attempting to identify both similar and different factors that determine distribution. Using correspondence analysis (CA) the study found a significantly similar pattern in the relations between countries and macroalgae – both for the whole group and within each phylum: Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta, Rhodophyta. The study identified two different macroalgae populations in the Levant Basin: The easternmost group living in open water off the coasts of Syria, Lebanon and Israel, and the shell group found in more sheltered waters in Egypt, Turkey, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, and Republic of Cyprus (Greece Cyprus): south Cyprus; and the North Cyprus. The differences between the two communities can be explained by dynamic wave activity. Following a taxonomic and nomenclatural revision according to AlgaeBase, of 693 species to date recorded from the studied area, only 573 species remained. 26 of them appear in all 7 countries and other 68 in 6 countries. 204 species appear in only one country. 3 or 4 species have only been described in the Middle East and could be endemic.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136296300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-22DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10082
A. A. Gado, I. A. Salihu, Muhammad A.I. Audu, Alhaji L. Abubakar, Y. Daudu, M. A. Salihu
Vegetables have become an indispensable part of human nutrition. This study aimed at analyzing the biochemical compositions of three leafy vegetables (Corchuorus olitorius, Telfairia occidentalis and Spinacia oleracea) collected from local farm irrigated with municipal wastewater. The biochemical parameters were assayed following standard laboratory protocols. Results revealed significantly (P < 0.05) higher Ca (207.33 mg/kg) and Mg (182.53 mg/kg) contents in wastewater with Mg contents in both clean water (72.80 mg/kg) and wastewater (182.53 mg/kg) exceeding the FAO safe limits. The wastewater had significantly (P < 0.05) higher (Fe) and (Cd) contents (1.72 and 0.42 mg/kg), than clean water from the modern farm (0.67 and 0.13 mg/kg). Both water samples had heavy metals, exceeding the FAO safe limits. The Mn, Fe and Pb contents determined in the three vegetables collected from both farms were within FAO safe limits except Cd content which ranged from 0.05–0.87 mg/kg which is above FAO acceptable limits of 0.02 mg/kg. Results on mineral composition revealed significantly higher (P < 0.05) Na, K, Ca and Mg contents in the three vegetables collected from the local farm, Telfairia occidentalis having the highest Na (123.33 mg/kg), K (6500 mg/kg) and P (6.19 mg/kg) while, Corchuorus olitorius had the highest Ca (2.15 mg/kg) and Mg (2.12 mg/kg). The result of this study shows that municipal wastewater irrigation could be utilized in improving the mineral compositions of leafy vegetables. However, it is highly recommended that the wastewater is treated properly to avoid heavy metal contamination.
{"title":"Studies on soil physico-chemical properties and biochemical composition of selected vegetables collected from locally irrigated farmland with municipal wastewater in Minna, Niger State, Nigeria","authors":"A. A. Gado, I. A. Salihu, Muhammad A.I. Audu, Alhaji L. Abubakar, Y. Daudu, M. A. Salihu","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10082","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Vegetables have become an indispensable part of human nutrition. This study aimed at analyzing the biochemical compositions of three leafy vegetables (Corchuorus olitorius, Telfairia occidentalis and Spinacia oleracea) collected from local farm irrigated with municipal wastewater. The biochemical parameters were assayed following standard laboratory protocols. Results revealed significantly (P < 0.05) higher Ca (207.33 mg/kg) and Mg (182.53 mg/kg) contents in wastewater with Mg contents in both clean water (72.80 mg/kg) and wastewater (182.53 mg/kg) exceeding the FAO safe limits. The wastewater had significantly (P < 0.05) higher (Fe) and (Cd) contents (1.72 and 0.42 mg/kg), than clean water from the modern farm (0.67 and 0.13 mg/kg). Both water samples had heavy metals, exceeding the FAO safe limits. The Mn, Fe and Pb contents determined in the three vegetables collected from both farms were within FAO safe limits except Cd content which ranged from 0.05–0.87 mg/kg which is above FAO acceptable limits of 0.02 mg/kg. Results on mineral composition revealed significantly higher (P < 0.05) Na, K, Ca and Mg contents in the three vegetables collected from the local farm, Telfairia occidentalis having the highest Na (123.33 mg/kg), K (6500 mg/kg) and P (6.19 mg/kg) while, Corchuorus olitorius had the highest Ca (2.15 mg/kg) and Mg (2.12 mg/kg). The result of this study shows that municipal wastewater irrigation could be utilized in improving the mineral compositions of leafy vegetables. However, it is highly recommended that the wastewater is treated properly to avoid heavy metal contamination.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45171144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1163/22238980-bja10081
R. Kant
The role of anther characteristics in orchid taxonomy, cladistic analysis, and understanding the development and evolution of various traits is significant. Therefore, Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk was selected for the study due to the lack of information about these characteristics. In this taxon, anther primordium developed two thecae directed towards the lateral side, which produced wedge-shaped, rectangular or triangular massulae through repeated mitotic divisions of archesporial cells. The anther wall developed from the outer secondary parietal layer and inner secondary parietal layer, made up of epidermis, endothecium, a middle layer, and tapetum. Each theca had a central septum that divided it into two microsporangia. Tapetum of dual origin was observed. Cytokinesis produced isobilateral, tetrahedral, linear, T-shaped and decussate types of microspore tetrads. Each microspore had a smaller lenticular generative cell and a larger spherical vegetative cell, which were formed by the mitotic division of the nucleus. Additionally, the endothecium developed ring-shaped fibrous thickenings. Massulae of two locules were united to the reticulum and formed bipartite sectile pollinium.
{"title":"Development of anther and sectile pollinium in Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk-a massulate orchid","authors":"R. Kant","doi":"10.1163/22238980-bja10081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22238980-bja10081","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The role of anther characteristics in orchid taxonomy, cladistic analysis, and understanding the development and evolution of various traits is significant. Therefore, Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk was selected for the study due to the lack of information about these characteristics. In this taxon, anther primordium developed two thecae directed towards the lateral side, which produced wedge-shaped, rectangular or triangular massulae through repeated mitotic divisions of archesporial cells. The anther wall developed from the outer secondary parietal layer and inner secondary parietal layer, made up of epidermis, endothecium, a middle layer, and tapetum. Each theca had a central septum that divided it into two microsporangia. Tapetum of dual origin was observed. Cytokinesis produced isobilateral, tetrahedral, linear, T-shaped and decussate types of microspore tetrads. Each microspore had a smaller lenticular generative cell and a larger spherical vegetative cell, which were formed by the mitotic division of the nucleus. Additionally, the endothecium developed ring-shaped fibrous thickenings. Massulae of two locules were united to the reticulum and formed bipartite sectile pollinium.","PeriodicalId":14689,"journal":{"name":"Israel Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46149717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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