Risk of Hypertension in the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease in Urban and Rural Communities Indonesia (Longitudinal Analysis of IFLS 2007-2014)

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death globally with a mortality rate of nearly 17.5 million annually. Hypertension accounts for 31% of all deaths from cardiovascular disease. High blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the main risk factors for CHD which is a serious problem that needs to be addressed in Indonesia and the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of hypertension in the incidence of coronary heart disease in urban and rural communities in Indonesia. This research is using a retrospective cohort study design. The data used are secondary data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-4 and IFLS-5 data for 2007-2014) with a total sample of 22,656 population respondents aged ≥18 years. The Cox regression multivariable method was used to estimate the risk of CHD (RR) and its 95% confidence interval. Multivariate analysis results after adjusting for cholesterol history showed that respondents with hypertension in urban communities were at 1.36 times more risk (95% CI; 1.05-1.77) had coronary heart disease compared to respondents who were not hypertensive/normal in Indonesia 2007-2014. Whereas in rural communities, there was no significant relationship between hypertension and CHD with RR values ​​of 1.07 (95% CI = 0.78-1.48).