Numerical Analysis of Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching and Non-Stretching Bullet-Shaped Object

Abstract

The two-dimensional axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow with heat transfer of Newtonian fluid over a stretching and non-stretching bullet-shaped object has been investigated. Therefore, fluid flow and heat transfer have been investigated in two types of flow geometries such as the thicker surface and the thinner surface of the bullet-shaped object. The present analysis also focuses on the physical relevance and accurate trends of the boundary layer profiles which are adequate in the laminar boundary layer flow. The novelty of this current work is to discuss the effect of shape and size (surface thickness parameter s) and the stretching factor of the bullet-shaped object on the fluid velocity and temperature profiles within the boundary layer region also develop the relationship between the dependent and independent parameters by the correlation coefficient. The partial differential equations of momentum and energy have been reduced to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations along with the transformed boundary conditions by applying the local similarity transformations. These coupled non‐linear ordinary differential equations’ governing the flow field has been solved by the Spectral Quasi-Linearization Method (SQLM). The numerical analysis of the SQLM has been carried out with MATLAB for investigating the effect of various controlling parameters on the flow fields. The residual error infinity norms have been analyzed to determine the speed of convergence and accuracy of the method. The numerical results have been displayed graphically and in tabular form and the physical behavior of the problem also discussed. The investigation shows that in the case of a thicker bullet-shaped object the velocity profile does not approach the ambient condition asymptotically but intersects the axis with a steep angle and the boundary layer structure has no definite shape whereas in the case of a thinner bullet-shaped object the velocity profile converge the ambient condition asymptotically and the boundary layer structure has a definite shape. It is also noticed that thinner bullet-shaped object acts as good cooling conductor compared to thicker bullet-shaped object and the wall friction can be reduced much when thinner bullet-shaped object is used rather than the thicker bullet-shaped object in both types of non-stretching or stretching bullet-shaped object . Keywords: forced convection, correlation coefficient, multiple regression, MHD, stretching