The narrow-fingered freshwater crayfish, also known as Pontastacus leptodactylus in scientific terms and referred to as such in Turkish, is a prevalent species in the inland waters of the Mediterranean region. This crayfish serves as an indicator of clean and healthy water ecosystems due to its high sensitivity to pollution and environmental changes. Its presence signals the maintenance of water quality and a balanced ecosystem. In a study on 283 freshwater crayfish in Hirfanlı Dam Lake during July and August 2023, it was observed that 53.36% were male and 46.64% were female. Length ranged from 80.44 mm to 121.11 mm, and weight varied between 11.61 g and 43.93 g. Average length and weight for males were 95.9874 ± 6.4603 mm and 24.1861 ± 5.3696 g, for females were 95.0981 ± 5.5519 mm and 21.5193 ± 3.4488 g, and for combined sexes were 95.5724 ± 6.0594 mm and 22.9422 ± 4.7579 g. The length-weight relationship (LWR) was established for females (W=0.00166359 ×TL2.0767), males (W=0.00019587×TL2.5651), and all individuals (W=0.00037111 ×TL2.4162). Exponential values "b" for LWR were 2.0767 (r2=0.993), 2.5651 (r2=0.986), and 2.4162 (r2=0.987), respectively. The study compared traditional LWR approaches with artificial intelligence methods for growth analysis, suggesting the latter as a viable alternative in assessing freshwater crayfish growth in aquatic systems.
{"title":"The Growth of Crayfish, which Serves as an Indicator of Clean and Healthy Water Ecosystems in the Mediterranean Region","authors":"S. Benzer, R. Benzer","doi":"10.30958/ajs.11-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.11-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"The narrow-fingered freshwater crayfish, also known as Pontastacus leptodactylus in scientific terms and referred to as such in Turkish, is a prevalent species in the inland waters of the Mediterranean region. This crayfish serves as an indicator of clean and healthy water ecosystems due to its high sensitivity to pollution and environmental changes. Its presence signals the maintenance of water quality and a balanced ecosystem. In a study on 283 freshwater crayfish in Hirfanlı Dam Lake during July and August 2023, it was observed that 53.36% were male and 46.64% were female. Length ranged from 80.44 mm to 121.11 mm, and weight varied between 11.61 g and 43.93 g. Average length and weight for males were 95.9874 ± 6.4603 mm and 24.1861 ± 5.3696 g, for females were 95.0981 ± 5.5519 mm and 21.5193 ± 3.4488 g, and for combined sexes were 95.5724 ± 6.0594 mm and 22.9422 ± 4.7579 g. The length-weight relationship (LWR) was established for females (W=0.00166359 ×TL2.0767), males (W=0.00019587×TL2.5651), and all individuals (W=0.00037111 ×TL2.4162). Exponential values \"b\" for LWR were 2.0767 (r2=0.993), 2.5651 (r2=0.986), and 2.4162 (r2=0.987), respectively. The study compared traditional LWR approaches with artificial intelligence methods for growth analysis, suggesting the latter as a viable alternative in assessing freshwater crayfish growth in aquatic systems.","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The linkages between infrastructures and socio-economic development have become increasingly complex and varied in transdisciplinary human science scholarship. In the Global South context in particular, these linkages entail unusual geographies of diffusion that defies many easy narratives. Using the case of geothermal energy projects in Kenya, this article explores the materialization and generativity of infrastructures in large-scale projects and their complex linkages to socio-economic development. In so doing, the paper shows how the delivery of ‘core’ infrastructure projects enable the provision of ‘other’ infrastructures – ‘required’ and ‘generated’ infrastructures, all of which entail different socio-economic development linkages for different interest groups at national and local community levels. In exploring these processes, the paper engaged with multi-disciplinary scholarship on the materialization and generativity of infrastructures and their variegated and multifaceted linkages to socio-economic development. A methodological combination of expert and informal interviews, document analysis, and project-sites observations form the basis of our analysis. Keywords: infrastructures, large-scale geothermal energy projects, materialization, generativity, socio-economic linkages, Global South, Kenya
{"title":"Infrastructures of Large-Scale Geothermal Energy Projects in Kenya: Materialization, Generativity, and Socio-Economic Development Linkages","authors":"Chigozie Nweke-Eze","doi":"10.30958/ajs.11-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.11-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"The linkages between infrastructures and socio-economic development have become increasingly complex and varied in transdisciplinary human science scholarship. In the Global South context in particular, these linkages entail unusual geographies of diffusion that defies many easy narratives. Using the case of geothermal energy projects in Kenya, this article explores the materialization and generativity of infrastructures in large-scale projects and their complex linkages to socio-economic development. In so doing, the paper shows how the delivery of ‘core’ infrastructure projects enable the provision of ‘other’ infrastructures – ‘required’ and ‘generated’ infrastructures, all of which entail different socio-economic development linkages for different interest groups at national and local community levels. In exploring these processes, the paper engaged with multi-disciplinary scholarship on the materialization and generativity of infrastructures and their variegated and multifaceted linkages to socio-economic development. A methodological combination of expert and informal interviews, document analysis, and project-sites observations form the basis of our analysis. Keywords: infrastructures, large-scale geothermal energy projects, materialization, generativity, socio-economic linkages, Global South, Kenya","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"57 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141102056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The way we think about infrastructure is being completely changed by parametric and generative design. Meanwhile the contemporary urban planning process is often viewed as a complicated and fragmented workflow. The main goal is to optimize solutions with tens of thousands of variations while concurrently taking into consideration various limits. This Paper will discuss and demonstrate the use of a generative urban design framework at the local scale. Although relevant to infrastructure, generative design is not limited to architecture. And on the other hand, the construction sector is becoming more specialized and complex. The close cooperation between structural engineers, architects, urban planners and other stakeholders is a major driving force behind modern projects. The building site is cut off from architects and engineers, particularly in the digital age. To ensure a three-dimensional scope of work, digital models are therefore necessary. The difficulty is that the structural model and architectural model do not match up exactly. A generative design is therefore explained in the case of a bridge design. Bridges are effective structures that provide a variety of topologies, materials, and geometries. This paper examines how the geometry and topology of a 600 meters long bridge can bring an optimal solution for connecting two nearby counties, Fieri and Vlora. The performance of the bridge can be examined by altering the geometrical parameters in addition to the topology. By adding more design factors and offering a fresh method for bridge optimization, the study aims in further developing the initial parametric model. Since the process of changing the design is quite quick and the analysis is displayed instantly, using parametric design to study alternative options for bridges could be highly helpful to designers. Keywords: generative design, bridge, geometry, typology, optimization, deflection.
{"title":"Generative Urban Design in the Field of Infrastructure: An Optimizing Solution for Connecting Fier and Vlora County by a 600 m Bridge over Selenica River, Albania","authors":"Ilda Rusi, Albi Alliaj","doi":"10.30958/ajs.11-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.11-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"The way we think about infrastructure is being completely changed by parametric and generative design. Meanwhile the contemporary urban planning process is often viewed as a complicated and fragmented workflow. The main goal is to optimize solutions with tens of thousands of variations while concurrently taking into consideration various limits. This Paper will discuss and demonstrate the use of a generative urban design framework at the local scale. Although relevant to infrastructure, generative design is not limited to architecture. And on the other hand, the construction sector is becoming more specialized and complex. The close cooperation between structural engineers, architects, urban planners and other stakeholders is a major driving force behind modern projects. The building site is cut off from architects and engineers, particularly in the digital age. To ensure a three-dimensional scope of work, digital models are therefore necessary. The difficulty is that the structural model and architectural model do not match up exactly. A generative design is therefore explained in the case of a bridge design. Bridges are effective structures that provide a variety of topologies, materials, and geometries. This paper examines how the geometry and topology of a 600 meters long bridge can bring an optimal solution for connecting two nearby counties, Fieri and Vlora. The performance of the bridge can be examined by altering the geometrical parameters in addition to the topology. By adding more design factors and offering a fresh method for bridge optimization, the study aims in further developing the initial parametric model. Since the process of changing the design is quite quick and the analysis is displayed instantly, using parametric design to study alternative options for bridges could be highly helpful to designers. Keywords: generative design, bridge, geometry, typology, optimization, deflection.","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"75 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study delves into the utilization of text mining to scrutinize social and environmental reports of companies, showcasing its effectiveness in evaluation. It explores various text mining techniques and practically applies decision tree, k-nearest neighbors, and naïve Bayes methods. The paper offers guidance on extracting pertinent terms related to four CSR dimensions: Environment, Employee, Social responsibility, and Human rights. Results demonstrate the successful differentiation of text based on these dimensions, leveraging a CSR-relevant dictionary by Pencel and Malascue. Employing document classification techniques, the study constructs four models using distinct text mining approaches for comparative analysis. Through this research, the valuable role of text mining in assessing social and environmental disclosures is underscored, providing insights into optimizing these techniques for evaluations and emphasizing their potential to enhance understanding and decision-making in corporate social responsibility assessments. Keywords: sustainability, text mining, machine learning, Corporate Social Responsibility - CSR, environmental reports
{"title":"Identifying Sustainability Efforts in Company’s Reports Using Text Mining and Machine Learning","authors":"Evangelos Xevelonakis, Tanbir Mann","doi":"10.30958/ajs.11-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.11-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the utilization of text mining to scrutinize social and environmental reports of companies, showcasing its effectiveness in evaluation. It explores various text mining techniques and practically applies decision tree, k-nearest neighbors, and naïve Bayes methods. The paper offers guidance on extracting pertinent terms related to four CSR dimensions: Environment, Employee, Social responsibility, and Human rights. Results demonstrate the successful differentiation of text based on these dimensions, leveraging a CSR-relevant dictionary by Pencel and Malascue. Employing document classification techniques, the study constructs four models using distinct text mining approaches for comparative analysis. Through this research, the valuable role of text mining in assessing social and environmental disclosures is underscored, providing insights into optimizing these techniques for evaluations and emphasizing their potential to enhance understanding and decision-making in corporate social responsibility assessments. Keywords: sustainability, text mining, machine learning, Corporate Social Responsibility - CSR, environmental reports","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"76 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph Schattschneider, Sina Piontek, Hannes Jacobs, Andrea Böhme, Concetta Sirena, Andreas Foitzik
Synthetic substances like many pharmaceuticals, preservatives or other chemical compounds are actually very difficult to handle in sewage treatment. These compounds are very stable in aqueous solution and their degradation reactions are insufficient. Therefore, to eliminate these substances from wastewater additional afford is necessary. Extreme conditions like pH value, redox potential, chemical or physical energy need to be present. With our study we try to show that the use of plasma discharge could be a solution to this problem. Using the example of methylparaben, a preservative, we could show, that the physical energy of plasma discharge is able to initialize the degradation reaction in aqueous environment. The concentration was reduced by up to 70 percent in our setting depending on the treatment duration. Overall, the system showed potential to optimize wastewater treatment. Further examinations are necessary for example regarding undesirable by-products. Keywords: wastewater treatment, plasma discharge, high voltage, degradation
{"title":"Proof of Principle of Wastewater Treatment using Plasma Discharge to Reduce the Amount of Methylparaben","authors":"Christoph Schattschneider, Sina Piontek, Hannes Jacobs, Andrea Böhme, Concetta Sirena, Andreas Foitzik","doi":"10.30958/ajs.11-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.11-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic substances like many pharmaceuticals, preservatives or other chemical compounds are actually very difficult to handle in sewage treatment. These compounds are very stable in aqueous solution and their degradation reactions are insufficient. Therefore, to eliminate these substances from wastewater additional afford is necessary. Extreme conditions like pH value, redox potential, chemical or physical energy need to be present. With our study we try to show that the use of plasma discharge could be a solution to this problem. Using the example of methylparaben, a preservative, we could show, that the physical energy of plasma discharge is able to initialize the degradation reaction in aqueous environment. The concentration was reduced by up to 70 percent in our setting depending on the treatment duration. Overall, the system showed potential to optimize wastewater treatment. Further examinations are necessary for example regarding undesirable by-products. Keywords: wastewater treatment, plasma discharge, high voltage, degradation","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In quality control of aluminum die casting various processes are used. For example, the density of the parts can be measured, X-ray images or images from the computed tomography are analyzed. All common processes lead to practically usable results. However, the problem arises that none of the processes is suitable for inline quality control due to their time duration and to their costs of hardware. Therefore, a concept for a fast and low-cost quality control process using sound samples is presented here. Sound samples of 240 aluminum castings are recorded and checked for their quality using X-ray images. All parts are divided into the categories "good" without defects, "medium" with air inclusions ("blowholes") and "poor" with cold flow marks. For the processing of the generated sound samples, a Convolutional Neuronal Network was developed. The training of the neural network was performed with both complete and segmented sound samples ("windowing"). The generated models have been evaluated with a test data set consisting of 120 sound samples. The results are very promising. Both models show an accuracy of 95% and 87% percent, respectively. The results show that a new process of acoustic quality control can be realized using a neural network. The model classifies most of the aluminum castings into the correct categories. Keywords: acoustic quality control, aluminum die casting, convolutional neural networks, sound data
在铝压铸件的质量控制中，使用了多种工艺。例如，可以测量部件的密度，分析 X 射线图像或计算机断层扫描图像。所有常见的方法都能得出实际可用的结果。但问题是，由于时间长、硬件成本高，这些工艺都不适合用于在线质量控制。因此，本文提出了一个利用声音样本进行快速、低成本质量控制的概念。对 240 个铝铸件的声音样本进行记录，并使用 X 射线图像检查其质量。所有部件被分为无缺陷的 "好"、有空气夹杂物（"气孔"）的 "中 "和有冷流痕迹的 "差 "三类。为处理生成的声音样本，开发了一个卷积神经元网络。神经网络的训练既使用完整的声音样本，也使用分割的声音样本（"窗口"）。使用由 120 个声音样本组成的测试数据集对生成的模型进行了评估。结果非常理想。两个模型的准确率分别为 95% 和 87%。结果表明，使用神经网络可以实现新的声学质量控制流程。该模型可将大多数铝铸件归入正确的类别。关键词：声学质量控制、铝压铸件、卷积神经网络、声音数据
{"title":"Quality Testing in Aluminum Die-Casting – A Novel Approach using Acoustic Data in Neural Networks","authors":"Manfred Rössle, Stefan Pohl","doi":"10.30958/ajs.11-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.11-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"In quality control of aluminum die casting various processes are used. For example, the density of the parts can be measured, X-ray images or images from the computed tomography are analyzed. All common processes lead to practically usable results. However, the problem arises that none of the processes is suitable for inline quality control due to their time duration and to their costs of hardware. Therefore, a concept for a fast and low-cost quality control process using sound samples is presented here. Sound samples of 240 aluminum castings are recorded and checked for their quality using X-ray images. All parts are divided into the categories \"good\" without defects, \"medium\" with air inclusions (\"blowholes\") and \"poor\" with cold flow marks. For the processing of the generated sound samples, a Convolutional Neuronal Network was developed. The training of the neural network was performed with both complete and segmented sound samples (\"windowing\"). The generated models have been evaluated with a test data set consisting of 120 sound samples. The results are very promising. Both models show an accuracy of 95% and 87% percent, respectively. The results show that a new process of acoustic quality control can be realized using a neural network. The model classifies most of the aluminum castings into the correct categories. Keywords: acoustic quality control, aluminum die casting, convolutional neural networks, sound data","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traffic management in modern Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) includes monitoring the actual traffic situation in real time and management transport traffic using this information. At the same time, cars as ITS components must be equipped with communication capabilities for exchanging information with other vehicles (V2V) and road infrastructure (V2I). Such approach is connected with usage of special equipment connected to on-board network for local data collection, which can be exchanged between cars and with a central communication station using wireless Internet. At the same time, the issue of developing the traffic organization algorithms themselves is still open. This problem can be solved with the help of game theory, a fairly new but rapidly developing part of modern mathematics. Unlike optimization theory, which studies the possibilities of constructing an optimal solution for the entire system as a whole, game theory studies ways to optimize individual benefits in competition with other persons (events) that rationally seek to satisfy their own benefits. The problem of "smart" regulation of intersections is quite difficult to solve a problem, nevertheless it is possible due to rapid development of ICT technologies. Keywords: ITS, transport crossroads, game theory
{"title":"Algorithm for Control of Traffic Flow in an Intelligent Transport System","authors":"Natallia Yankevich","doi":"10.30958/ajs.11-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.11-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic management in modern Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) includes monitoring the actual traffic situation in real time and management transport traffic using this information. At the same time, cars as ITS components must be equipped with communication capabilities for exchanging information with other vehicles (V2V) and road infrastructure (V2I). Such approach is connected with usage of special equipment connected to on-board network for local data collection, which can be exchanged between cars and with a central communication station using wireless Internet. At the same time, the issue of developing the traffic organization algorithms themselves is still open. This problem can be solved with the help of game theory, a fairly new but rapidly developing part of modern mathematics. Unlike optimization theory, which studies the possibilities of constructing an optimal solution for the entire system as a whole, game theory studies ways to optimize individual benefits in competition with other persons (events) that rationally seek to satisfy their own benefits. The problem of \"smart\" regulation of intersections is quite difficult to solve a problem, nevertheless it is possible due to rapid development of ICT technologies. Keywords: ITS, transport crossroads, game theory","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"195 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
River floods in Sri Lanka are mainly associated with extreme rainfall events. The Kelani and Kalu rivers are recorded the highest flood frequencies and the accompanying flood damages among the river basins in wet zone (UNDP, 2011). Therefore, the specific objective of the study is to estimate the temporal probability of occurrence of flood events in downstream of Kelani river basin. Secondary data were used for the study. Daily discharges data were obtained from Hanwella gauging station for the period of 1990 to 2019 from the Department of Irrigation, Sri Lanka. Trend analysis, normal distribution and flood frequency analysis have been used. The results of the study revealed that there was a bi-modal pattern of discharges that occurred in June and October. The results also indicated that ten return periods were covered the total period of 30 years, and there was a 97 per cent probability of flood occurrence almost annually and 64 per cent probability of occurring once every two years. This study, therefore, was recommended to design flood control structures for mitigating flood risk; and to determine the economic value of flood control projects and the effect of encroachments on flood plain. Keywords: floods, frequency, downstream, return period, probability
{"title":"An Analysis of Stream Flow and Flood Frequency: A Case Study from Downstream of Kelani River Basin, Sri Lanka","authors":"Kumudika K.E. Perera","doi":"10.30958/ajs.11-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.11-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"River floods in Sri Lanka are mainly associated with extreme rainfall events. The Kelani and Kalu rivers are recorded the highest flood frequencies and the accompanying flood damages among the river basins in wet zone (UNDP, 2011). Therefore, the specific objective of the study is to estimate the temporal probability of occurrence of flood events in downstream of Kelani river basin. Secondary data were used for the study. Daily discharges data were obtained from Hanwella gauging station for the period of 1990 to 2019 from the Department of Irrigation, Sri Lanka. Trend analysis, normal distribution and flood frequency analysis have been used. The results of the study revealed that there was a bi-modal pattern of discharges that occurred in June and October. The results also indicated that ten return periods were covered the total period of 30 years, and there was a 97 per cent probability of flood occurrence almost annually and 64 per cent probability of occurring once every two years. This study, therefore, was recommended to design flood control structures for mitigating flood risk; and to determine the economic value of flood control projects and the effect of encroachments on flood plain. Keywords: floods, frequency, downstream, return period, probability","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"5 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to establish the presence of aesthetic underpinnings in Saudi mathematics textbooks. For this, the researchers used descriptive-analytical methods. We looked at fourth, fifth, and sixth grade math textbooks. The arbitrated aesthetic method divides 27 signals into seven basic domains. The content availability of each main aesthetic approach area was found to be constant across all books in the elementary stage's upper grades. Aesthetic strategies were used in primary mathematics textbooks at a rate of 34%. The average percentages for the major domains were: 76.9% major themes, 57.7% mental level, 52.8% science framework, 35.4% mathematics and arts, 10.7% mathematics and emotional components, and 2.2 % athletic aesthetic criteria. The researchers suggested designing mathematics courses and texts artistically. Keywords: textbooks, mathematics, aesthetic approach, mathematical aesthetic, content analysis
{"title":"The Availability Level of the Aesthetic Approach in Mathematics Textbooks for the Higher Grades at the Primary Stage in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Khalid Mohammed Alkhuzaim, Thamer Ali Alwahbi","doi":"10.30958/ajs.10-4-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.10-4-4","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to establish the presence of aesthetic underpinnings in Saudi mathematics textbooks. For this, the researchers used descriptive-analytical methods. We looked at fourth, fifth, and sixth grade math textbooks. The arbitrated aesthetic method divides 27 signals into seven basic domains. The content availability of each main aesthetic approach area was found to be constant across all books in the elementary stage's upper grades. Aesthetic strategies were used in primary mathematics textbooks at a rate of 34%. The average percentages for the major domains were: 76.9% major themes, 57.7% mental level, 52.8% science framework, 35.4% mathematics and arts, 10.7% mathematics and emotional components, and 2.2 % athletic aesthetic criteria. The researchers suggested designing mathematics courses and texts artistically. Keywords: textbooks, mathematics, aesthetic approach, mathematical aesthetic, content analysis","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139233345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerous studies were conducted in the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea to determine whether variations in the hydrography and fisheries exhibit cyclic behaviour. This work investigated the long-term cyclic behaviour of physical properties in the Southeastern Mediterranean basin; taking heat storage as a parameter of interest. Heat storage is said to be a more accurate component to measure the probable thermal cyclic behaviour within a specific basin; it allows for the elimination of diurnal (full) and monthly effects on the examined thermal behaviour to a lesser extent. The work aims to: (1) provide the best fit model of heat storage anomaly changes; and (2) investigate any cyclic behaviour of change over a considerable span. The hydrographic data (temperature and salinity) were scattered over the period 1889-2021. However, because of the scarcity of data over the period 1892-1964, calculations of the mean annual heat storage and mean annual heat storage anomaly focused on the period 1965-2021 of continuous records. The minimum mean annual heat storage anomaly of the 300 m layer ranged from -9.0E9 Jm-2 (1992) to +0.84E9 Jm-2 (1994), with an overall mean of -0.016E9 Jm-2. +0.43E9 Jm-2 was the standard deviation from the mean. The best fit model was produced for the variations in the mean annual heat storage anomaly. This was represented by a cubic equation with R2 of 0.21. The minimum anomaly occurred in 1980 and the maximum in 2015. Therefore, the results confirmed the 70-year cycle of variation in the hydrographic conditions in the south-eastern Mediterranean region. Keywords: Southeastern Mediterranean Sea, heat storage, anomalies, cycles
{"title":"Heat Storage as Evidence of Hydrographic Cycles in the Southeastern Mediterranean Basin","authors":"Ibrahim A. Maiyza, T. El-Geziry, Shimaa I. Maiyza","doi":"10.30958/ajs.10-4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajs.10-4-1","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies were conducted in the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea to determine whether variations in the hydrography and fisheries exhibit cyclic behaviour. This work investigated the long-term cyclic behaviour of physical properties in the Southeastern Mediterranean basin; taking heat storage as a parameter of interest. Heat storage is said to be a more accurate component to measure the probable thermal cyclic behaviour within a specific basin; it allows for the elimination of diurnal (full) and monthly effects on the examined thermal behaviour to a lesser extent. The work aims to: (1) provide the best fit model of heat storage anomaly changes; and (2) investigate any cyclic behaviour of change over a considerable span. The hydrographic data (temperature and salinity) were scattered over the period 1889-2021. However, because of the scarcity of data over the period 1892-1964, calculations of the mean annual heat storage and mean annual heat storage anomaly focused on the period 1965-2021 of continuous records. The minimum mean annual heat storage anomaly of the 300 m layer ranged from -9.0E9 Jm-2 (1992) to +0.84E9 Jm-2 (1994), with an overall mean of -0.016E9 Jm-2. +0.43E9 Jm-2 was the standard deviation from the mean. The best fit model was produced for the variations in the mean annual heat storage anomaly. This was represented by a cubic equation with R2 of 0.21. The minimum anomaly occurred in 1980 and the maximum in 2015. Therefore, the results confirmed the 70-year cycle of variation in the hydrographic conditions in the south-eastern Mediterranean region. Keywords: Southeastern Mediterranean Sea, heat storage, anomalies, cycles","PeriodicalId":91843,"journal":{"name":"Athens journal of sciences","volume":"43 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139227935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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