Thin-film nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane for water desalination: synthesis, characterization and performance improvement

IF 2.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 WATER RESOURCES Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI:10.2166/wqrj.2022.034
A. H. Konsowa, H. Z. AbdAllah, S. Nosier, M. G. Eloffy
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The major scope of this study is the fabrication and development of a substrate and polyamide rejection layer for an efficient thin-film hydrophilic composite forward osmosis (TFC-FO) membrane. Fabrication of a thin-film nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane employing interfacial polymerization and modification of substrate characteristics using titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles as additives (TFNC-FO) are studied. Characterizations of the prepared TFC-FO and TFNC-FO membranes were determined. The morphologies of cross-section, upper and bottom surfaces for the TFC-FO and TFNC-FO membranes were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to examine the compositions of different elements for both membranes. The hydrophilicity of the prepared TFC-FO and TFNC-FO membranes was investigated using the measurement of the contact angle test. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer was used to observe the existing functional groups of the TFC-FO and TFNC-FO membranes. The thermal stability of the membrane was evaluated via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The overall performance of TFC-FO membranes was evaluated with and without adding TiO2 nanoparticles through different parameters, such as membrane flux, initial feed concentration, draw solution concentrations, reverse solute fluxes, membranes permeabilities, and finally, the effect of FO membrane orientations. FO membrane performance was successfully enhanced by adding different concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles from 0.5 to 1.5 wt%. The findings indicated that an increase in the concentration from 0.5 to 1 wt% leads to a clear increase in both the porosity and hydrophilicity of the nanocomposite substrate and consequently, an increase in the water flux. However, further increasing the concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles to more than 1 wt% affects the membrane performance.
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用于海水淡化的薄膜纳米复合正向渗透膜:合成、表征及性能改进
本研究的主要范围是制备和开发用于高效薄膜亲水复合正向渗透(TFC-FO)膜的基底和聚酰胺截留层。采用界面聚合法制备了薄膜纳米复合正渗透膜,并用二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米颗粒作为添加剂(TFNC-FO)对基底特性进行了改性。测定了所制备的TFC-FO和TFNC-FO膜的表征。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了TFC-FO和TFNC-FO膜的横截面、上表面和下表面的形貌。能量色散X射线(EDX)光谱用于检测两种膜的不同元素的组成。通过接触角测试的测量,研究了所制备的TFC-FO和TFNC-FO膜的亲水性。用傅立叶变换红外分光光度计观察了TFC-FO和TFNC-FO膜中存在的官能团。通过热重分析(TGA)评价了膜的热稳定性。通过不同的参数,如膜通量、初始进料浓度、提取溶液浓度、反溶质通量、膜渗透性,以及FO膜取向的影响,评估了添加和不添加TiO2纳米颗粒的TFC-FO膜的整体性能。通过添加0.5至1.5wt%的不同浓度的TiO2纳米颗粒,成功地提高了FO膜的性能。研究结果表明,浓度从0.5%增加到1wt%会导致纳米复合材料基底的孔隙率和亲水性明显增加,从而导致水通量增加。然而,进一步将TiO2纳米颗粒的浓度增加到1wt%以上会影响膜性能。
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CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.70%
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0
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