Ten Years Ago, the World Trade Organization Opened Its Doors to Russia

A. Portanskiy, Evgeniy Galchenko
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Abstract

This article begins with a brief discussion of the background of the USSR/Russia rapprochement with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization (GATT/WTO) and some of the acute problems of the negotiation process. It is argued that the Russian Federation has received acceptable, balanced conditions of membership. The advantages gained during the first years of WTO membership are listed, both for the national economy and in the foreign arena. However, it is shown that, 10 years later, the benefits of membership are significantly lower in comparison with initial projections. This gap is attributed to the state of the Russian economy and the extinction of the continuing economic model based on the extraction and export of raw materials. The Russian economy needs real structural reforms and modernization, which would change the structure of exports in favour of finished products and modern services. Only in this case can the benefits of WTO membership increase significantly, justifying the original forecast. The article concludes with a discussion of current challenges in the world economy and trade, the crisis experienced by the WTO, and the active position of the Russian Federation on the future reform of the WTO.
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十年前,世界贸易组织向俄罗斯敞开了大门
本文首先简要讨论了苏联/俄罗斯与关税及贸易总协定/世界贸易组织(GATT/WTO)和解的背景以及谈判过程中的一些尖锐问题。有人认为,俄罗斯联邦获得了可接受的、平衡的成员条件。列出了加入世贸组织最初几年所获得的优势,无论是对国民经济还是在外国舞台上。然而,事实表明,10年后,与最初的预测相比,加入的好处要低得多。这一差距归因于俄罗斯经济状况以及基于原材料开采和出口的持续经济模式的消亡。俄罗斯经济需要真正的结构改革和现代化,这将改变出口结构,有利于成品和现代服务。只有在这种情况下,加入世贸组织的好处才能显著增加,从而证明最初的预测是正确的。文章最后讨论了当前世界经济和贸易中的挑战、世贸组织所经历的危机以及俄罗斯联邦对世贸组织未来改革的积极立场。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
33.30%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: The journal mission is to disseminate Russian and international research in global governance, international cooperation on a wide range of social and economic policies; as well as to create a professional framework for discussion of trends and prognoses in these areas. International Organisations Research Journal publishes academic and analytical papers of Russian and international authors on activities of international multilateral institutions: G8, G20, BRICS, OECD, the World Bank, IMF, WTO, UN, and alliances: European Union, Eurasian Economic Union, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and others. Analytical and research papers on international cooperation in higher education, trends in higher education developments at the national, regional and global levels are welcomed for reviewing and publication. The journal is aimed at researchers, analysts, practitioners in international affairs and world economics and at a wide audience interested in political issues of international affairs and global development. IORJ supports publications of graduate and postgraduate students, young researchers in Russia and abroad. All IORJ publications are peer-reviewed.
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