La influencia del estatus socioeconómico y cultural en la relación entre el autoconcepto y la inteligencia emocional percibida en la adolescencia

Abstract

espanolEl estatus socioeconomico y cultural de la familia podria condicionar el autoconcepto de los/as adolescentes, asi como sus creencias respecto a sus habilidades emocionales o inteligencia emocional (IE) percibida. Por ello, la finalidad de este estudio es doble: analizar la variabilidad de la IE percibida en funcion del autoconcepto en distintos niveles socioeconomicos y culturales; y examinar la capacidad predictiva del autoconcepto sobre la IE percibida, controlando el nivel socioeconomico y cultural del alumnado. Participaron 1088 estudiantes (447 hombres y 641 mujeres; Medad= 14.39 anos, DT= 1.68) cursando Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato de 11 centros publicos, privados y concertados, seleccionados aleatoriamente de la Comunidad Autonoma Vasca (CAV). Se utilizaron el Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Dimensional-33 (AUDIM-33), la escala Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-22) y el Indice Socioeconomico y Cultural (ISEC). Los analisis realizados revelan que los dominios del autoconcepto afectan de manera diferencial al grado de IE con el que se perciben los y las adolescentes en funcion del estatus socioeconomico y cultural de la familia. Asimismo, los datos indican que los dominios del autoconcepto presentan mayor capacidad predictiva sobre la reparacion emocional. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados. EnglishThe socioeconomic and cultural status of the family could condition the self-concept of adolescents, as well as their beliefs about their own perceived emotional intelligence (EI). Therefore, the purpose of this study is twofold: to analyse the variability of perceived EI based on self-concept at different socioeconomic and cultural status; and examine the predictive capacity of self-concept on perceived EI, controlling the socioeconomic and cultural status of participants. Participants were 1088 students (447 men and 641 women, Mage= 14.39 years, SD= 1.68) from 11 randomly selected public, private, and charter high schools of the Basque Autonomous Region, studying Compulsory Secondary Education and Baccalaureate. The instruments used were the Dimensional Self-Concept Questionnaire-33 (AUDIM-33), the Trait Meta-Mood Scale scale (TMMS-22) and the Socioeconomic and Cultural Index (ISEC). The results show that the self-concept domains affect differently the degree of EI with which adolescent perceive themselves based on the family's socioeconomic and cultural status. Additionally, the data indicate that self-concept domains have a greater predictive capacity on emotional repair. The implications of these results are discussed.