Analisis Kualiti Hidup Pesakit Kanser Prostat di Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur

Abstract

Abstrak Kanser prostat merupakan ketiga tertinggi bagi golongan lelaki di Malaysia. Data 2018 melaporkan kanser prostat mencatatkan insiden 1,807 kes berbanding 1,186 kes pada tahun 2014 (Globocan 2018). Kanser prostat ini turut memberi kesan terhadap beban penyakit serta beban ekonomi kepada negara dan memberi kesan terhadap kualiti hidup pesakit terutamanya pesakit berumur melebihi 65 tahun. Kajian ini dilakukan bagi mengukur tahap kualiti hidup pesakit kanser prostat dan menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualiti hidup pesakit tersebut. Reka bentuk kajian adalah tirisan melintang yang dilakukan dari Januari sehingga Disember 2018. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada pesakit kanser prostat yang didiagnos dan mendapatkan rawatan di Klinik Urologi, Jabatan Pembedahan dan Jabatan Onkologi dari tahun 2008 hingga 2017. Kajian menggunapakai set soal selidik EORTC QLQ-C30 dan EORTC QLQ-PR25 yang telah diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Melayu. Seramai 193 pesakit telah mengambil bahagian. Analisis mendapati tahap kanser memberi perbezaan yang signifikan kepada status kesihatan serta fungsi dan simptom kanser prostat (p < 0.001). Analisis faktor penentu mendapati umur , skor Gleason dan juga tahap lewat kanser merupakan faktor penentu kepada kualiti hidup pesakit kanser prostat (p < 0.05). Langkah kesedaran, saringan serta rawatan awal dilihat perlu dipertingkatkan bagi meningkatkan tahap kualiti hidup pesakit kanser prostat di hospital ini. Kata-Kunci: kualiti hidup – kanser prostat – faktor penentu Abstract Prostate cancer is the third commonest type of cancer among males in Malaysia that reported prostate cancer recorded 1,807 cases in 2018 compared to 1,186 cases in 2014 (Globocan 2018). Prostate cancer also is known to cause burden of disease and economic burden of the country and affects the quality of life of patients. This study conducted to assess the quality of life of prostate cancer patients and to determine the predictor factors that affect the quality of life of the patient. The study design was a cross-sectional conducted from January to December 2018. The study sample consists of prostate cancer patients diagnosed and sought treatment at the Urology Clinic, Department of Surgery and Oncology Department from 2008 to 2017. The study adopted the set of EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-PR25 which has been translated into Malay. A total of 193 patients participated. The analysis found that cancer levels had a significant difference in health status and the function and symptoms of prostate cancer (p <0.001) in different stage of cancer. Multivariable analysis found that age, Gleason scores and advance-stage of cancer were predictor factors for the quality of life of prostate cancer patients. Awareness, early detection and treatment measures need to be enhanced to improve the quality of life of prostate cancer patients in the hospital. Keywords: Predictor factor – prostate cancer – quality of life