The Use of Military Forces in the Protection of the Borders and Prevention of Irregular Migrations in Selected South East European Countries

IF 0.3 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Croatian and Comparative Public Administration Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI:10.31297/hkju.19.3.6
Benjamin Sadrić
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Abstract

The 2015 refugee crisis in Europe was a humanitarian, legal, and logistical cri sis. New circumstances gave rise to ideas of calling upon armies to serve at bor ders. This paper analyses all the elements of the refugee crisis that could serve to legitimise or oppose the use of military forces in the protection of state borders. Governments’ international obligations to protect refugees and providing security for their citizens came into conflict during the crisis. In an age of terrorist threats, the roles of the police and the military are shifting in an unknown direction, yet these international obligations remain. The refugee crisis challenged not only international law but also European Union policies and ethical principles. The possible solutions were either to ac cept all refugees or to close the borders entirely and somewhere in between these opposing solutions the army was considered as a tool. Many have emphasized that there is no place for military personnel at state borders regardless of refugee inflow. Hence, this paper examines the arguments for a “military ban”. Furthermore, a thorough analysis follows on the legal and logistical legitimacy of army usage at borders. At the end, Hungarian, Slovenian, and Croatian legislation are discussed and compared with a view to problems that could arise from the differences in the legislation regarding possible future migration and refugee inflows.
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在选定的东南欧国家使用军事力量保护边界和防止非正常移徙
2015年欧洲难民危机是一场人道主义、法律和后勤危机。新的情况产生了征召军队在边境服务的想法。本文分析了难民危机的所有因素,这些因素可能有助于合法化或反对在保护国家边界时使用军事力量。在危机期间,各国政府保护难民和为其公民提供安全的国际义务发生了冲突。在一个恐怖主义威胁的时代,警察和军队的作用正在向一个未知的方向转变,但这些国际义务仍然存在。难民危机不仅挑战了国际法,也挑战了欧盟的政策和伦理原则。可能的解决办法是要么接收所有难民,要么完全关闭边界,在这两种相反的解决办法之间,军队被认为是一种工具。许多人强调,无论难民流入多少,国家边境都没有军事人员的容身之地。因此,本文探讨了“军事禁令”的论点。此外,对军队在边境使用的法律和后勤合法性进行了深入分析。最后,对匈牙利、斯洛文尼亚和克罗地亚的立法进行了讨论和比较,以期就未来可能出现的移徙和难民流入的立法差异可能产生的问题。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
25.00%
发文量
12
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