Analysis of GNSS Data for Earthquake Precursor Studies Using IONOLAB-TEC in the Himalayan Region

IF 2.3 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Quaternary Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI:10.3390/quat6020027
S. Joshi, S. Kannaujiya, Utkarsh Joshi
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Earthquake precursors are the indicators that appear before an earthquake. The release of radon gas, ionospheric disturbances, anomalous animal behavior, and so on are examples of seismic and aseismic events. Ionospheric perturbations can be proved to be a reliable method in earthquake prediction. The GNSS data detect changes in the ionosphere through the time lag of the transmitted GPS signals recorded at the Earth-based receivers. A negative TEC anomaly is caused by the stress released from the rocks before the earthquake, which elevates positive ions or p-holes in the atmosphere and decreases the ions in the ionosphere. A positive TEC anomaly follows this because of the increase in ions in the ionosphere. The ionospheric disruption in the Himalayan region is examined before five random earthquakes. For this, data from 15 separate GNSS stations are investigated using IONOLAB-TEC. A promising total electron content (TEC) data estimate with a temporal resolution of 30 s was analyzed. The results of the TEC data analysis depict the anomaly a month before the five earthquakes, followed by the later perturbation in the earthquake preparation zone. TEC anomalies are enhanced more by the uniform spatial distribution of GNSS stations in the epicentral region than by randomly distributed stations. The results of IONOLAB-TEC and the widely used GPS-TEC software were compared. Owing to its temporal resolution, IONOLAB-TEC has edge over the GPS-TEC software in that it can identify even the slightest negative anomalies before an earthquake.
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用于喜马拉雅地区地震前兆研究的IONOLAB-TEC GNSS数据分析
地震前兆是在地震发生前出现的指标。氡气的释放、电离层的扰动、动物的反常行为等等都是地震和地震事件的例子。电离层摄动是一种可靠的地震预报方法。全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)数据通过地球接收器记录的发射GPS信号的时间滞后来探测电离层的变化。负的TEC异常是由地震前岩石释放的应力引起的,它使大气中的正离子或p空穴升高,电离层中的离子减少。由于电离层中离子的增加,随之而来的是一个正的TEC异常。在五次随机地震之前,对喜马拉雅地区的电离层破坏进行了检查。为此,使用IONOLAB-TEC对来自15个独立GNSS站的数据进行了调查。分析了一种时间分辨率为30 s的有前途的总电子含量(TEC)数据估计。TEC数据分析的结果描述了五次地震前一个月的异常,随后是地震准备带的扰动。GNSS台站在震中区域的均匀空间分布比随机分布的台站更能增强TEC异常。比较了IONOLAB-TEC与GPS-TEC软件的检测结果。由于其时间分辨率,IONOLAB-TEC比GPS-TEC软件更有优势,因为它可以在地震前识别出最轻微的负异常。
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来源期刊
Quaternary
Quaternary GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
4.30%
发文量
44
审稿时长
11 weeks
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