Hijrah and Islamic Movement in Indonesia: Sekarmaji Marijan Kartosuwiryo’s Perspective

Abstract

The study aimed to understand the concept of Hijrah as perceived by Sekarmaji Marijan Karto-suwiryo or commonly known as Kartosuwiryo who was encouraged to establish the movement of Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) as a jihad (struggle) against injustice in all life as-pects of Indonesian citizen. The study applied historical research that comprised of four stages, namely heuristic, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The research relied on the primary data of newspaper articles, magazines, journal articles, books, and other written documents. The data were qualitatively ana-lyzed to identify the concept of Hijrah that Kartosuwiryo perceived. The study revealed that Kartosuwiryo thought that Indonesia in the colonialization period was simi-lar to the age of ignorance. The human exploitation through slavery and violence triggered to estab-lish DI/TII movement to change Indonesia as Islamic state and implement Islam in all aspects of life. The study concluded that Kartosuwiryo perceived Hijrah as a jihad against injustice implemented through establishing DI/TII movement. It was intended to break the injustice in all life aspects of Indonesian citizens.