Sikap Masyarakat terhadap Penerapan Imbauan Social/Physical Distancing saat Pandemi COVID-19

Abstract

Since the first case of COVID-19 was found in Indonesia, the government has started to appeal to the public to always keep their distances (social/physical distancing). For the public, this appeal was  new and its implementation requires adaptation. This is what encourages us to find out more about people attitudes in implementing this social/ physical distancing appeal. This research was conducted one month after the first case was found and before the Indonesia large-scale social restrictions/PSBB was implemented. This research used a descriptive quantitative approach with data collection techniques through online surveys distributed through social media. The results showed that in general the attitude of the community in implementing social/physical distancing has a high enough value. There are three aspects of attitude that are assessed, namely cognition, affection, and conation. The majority of respondents realized that social/ physical distancing needed to be done to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and had also applied various appeals regarding this matter. Even though the affection component related to the application of appeals to worship at home has a low value compared to other appeals related to social/ physical distancing which have an average value of above 90 percent. The mass media has provided information to the general public, but there are several aspects that require a more persuasive and personal approach. Therefore, increasing public awareness of social/physical distancing calls through community leaders is important. Abstrak Sejak ditemukan kasus pertama COVID-19 di Indonesia, pemerintah mulai mengimbau agar masyarakat senantiasa menjaga jarak (social/physical distancing). Bagi masyarakat imbauan ini merupakan hal yang baru dan penerapannya memerlukan adaptasi. Hal inilah yang mendorong penulis untuk mengetahui lebih jauh terkait sikap masyarakat dalam penerapan imbauan social/physical distancing. Penelitian ini dilakukan satu bulan sejak kasus pertama ditemukan dan sebelum Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) diberlakukan, menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui survey daring yang disebarkan melalui media sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum sikap masyarakat dalam penerapan social/physical distancing memiliki nilai yang cukup tinggi, melalui penilaian aspek sikap yaitu kognisi, afeksi, dan konasi. Mayoritas responden menyadari bahwa social/physical distancing perlu dilakukan untuk mencegah penyebaran COVID-19 dan telah menerapkan berbagai imbauan terkait hal tersebut. Meskipun pada komponen afeksi terkait penerapan imbauan untuk beribadah di rumah memiliki nilai yang rendah dibandingkan dengan imbauan lain terkait social/physical distancing yang memiliki nilai rata-rata di atas 90 persen. Media massa telah memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat umum, namun ada beberapa aspek yang membutuhkan pendekatan lebih persuasif dan personal. Sehingga, peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap imbauan social/physical distancing melalui tokoh masyarakat menjadi penting .