Impact of local climate change on drinking water quality in a distribution system

IF 2.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 WATER RESOURCES Water Quality Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI:10.2166/WQRJ.2019.054
D. Kimbrough
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

In this study, air temperatures were collected between 1985 and 2016 and compared with water temperatures in four locations in the distribution system of Pasadena Water and Power (PWP), which received surface water imported into Pasadena between 2001 and 2016 from the Metropolitan Water District. The concentrations of chloramine residual and nitrite concentrations were collected between 2001 and 2016 from these five locations. The results indicate that the median nighttime temperature of the period 2009–2016 was 1.6 °C warmer than the period 1985–2000 and 0.5 °C warmer than the period 2001–2008. The median water temperature in the four distribution system samples increased by 0.8–1.4 °C depending on the location over the study period (p < 0.001). The median chloramine concentration fell significantly (p < 0.001) at three distribution system locations, and the nitrite concentrations increased significantly at all four distribution system locations (p < 0.001). As air temperature in the study area increased, water temperatures also increased resulting in the loss of disinfectant residual and the increase in the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. As this represented an increased risk to public health, PWP took additional steps to increase disinfectant residuals by adding chlorine and flushing stale water. In localities where climate change is most measurable, local water purveyors must adapt to warmer water to ensure stable concentrations of disinfectants. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).
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当地气候变化对配水系统饮用水质量的影响
在本研究中,收集了1985年至2016年期间的空气温度,并与帕萨迪纳水电(PWP)分配系统中四个地点的水温进行了比较,该系统在2001年至2016年期间从大都会水区进口地表水到帕萨迪纳。收集2001 - 2016年5个地点氯胺残留浓度和亚硝酸盐浓度。结果表明:2009-2016年夜间平均气温比1985-2000年升高1.6℃,比2001-2008年升高0.5℃;在研究期间,四个分配系统样本的水温中位数随地点的不同而升高了0.8-1.4°C (p < 0.001)。氯胺浓度中位数在3个配送点显著下降(p < 0.001),亚硝酸盐浓度中位数在4个配送点均显著升高(p < 0.001)。随着研究区气温的升高,水温也随之升高,导致消毒液残留的损失和氨氧化菌活性的增加。由于这对公众健康构成了更大的风险,工务署采取了额外措施,通过添加氯和冲洗污水来增加消毒剂的残留量。在气候变化最明显的地方,当地供水商必须适应更温暖的水,以确保消毒剂浓度稳定。感谢CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca)的大力支持,本文已开放获取。
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CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.70%
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0
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