Analyze of Metallic Powders on Content of the Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen Admixture

M. Kalyniuk, S. Isakova, L. Puzrina
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Properties of compact metals depend, in base, from oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen conсentrations in their volumes. Powders have peculiarities, which distinguish from compact metals. Literature review on methods of determination oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen of content in metallic powders. Main method of control of the gaseous admixture in metallic powders is method of the restoration melting of analytical metal in carring gas flow (helium, argon, nitrogen) in graphite crucible in impulse condition. Principal peculiarities and advantages of this method are enumerated. Examples of analysis of real objects — powders of pure metals and alloys (iron, chromium, manganese, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, nickel alloys) is given. Samples preparation is the most difficult operation in the time of analyses of metallic powders (selection, manufacturing, drying, preservation, transport of analytical samples). Problems of calibration of the methods and analysers by standard samples are considerd. Problems of creation of the standard samples from powder metals with known oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen concentration are considerd. Lack of the standard samples of metallic powders on gaseous admixtures (oxygen, nitogen, hydrogen) are showed. Method of determination oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen contents in highalloyed nickel — tempe­rature of heating on graphite crucible, time, mass of analytical sample — are created. Materials for creation of the standard samples of powder metals with certain concetration gaseous admixture with good prospects — highalloyed nickel with low oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen concentrations — are proposed.
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金属粉末中氧、氮、氢混合物含量的分析
在基体中,致密金属的性质取决于其体积中的氧、氮和氢浓度。粉末具有与致密金属不同的特性。金属粉末中氧、氮、氢含量测定方法的文献综述。控制金属粉末中气体混合物的主要方法是在脉冲条件下,在石墨坩埚中载气流(氦气、氩气、氮气)中恢复分析金属的熔化。列举了这种方法的主要特点和优点。给出了实物分析的例子——纯金属和合金粉末(铁、铬、锰、锰铁、硅铁、镍合金)。样品制备是金属粉末分析过程中最困难的操作(分析样品的选择、制造、干燥、保存、运输)。考虑了用标准样品校准方法和分析仪的问题。考虑了用已知氧、氮和氢浓度的粉末金属制备标准样品的问题。缺少气体掺合料(氧气、氮气、氢气)上金属粉末的标准样品。建立了测定高合镍中氧、氮、氢含量的方法——石墨坩埚加热温度、时间、分析样品质量。提出了用于制作具有良好前景的具有一定浓度气体混合物的粉末金属标准样品的材料——低氧、氮和氢浓度的高合镍。
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