Flavia Torres Vasconcelos , Helen M. Faddy , Katharina M.D. Merollini , Robert L.P. Flower , Melinda M. Dean , Elvina Viennet
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引用次数: 2
Abstract
Background
Natural disasters and pandemics can be highly challenging to blood supply chains. This review aimed to assess the impacts of pandemics and natural disasters on blood donation globally, appraise any similarities and differences, and provide an overview of the mitigation strategies and optimizations applied as well as risks modelling undertaken.
Methods
Full text, peer-reviewed articles that studied the impact of any pandemic and natural disaster on blood donation, blood supply management, and modelling searchable in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library between Jan 1980 and Jan 2023, inclusive were included. We performed quality assessments and summarised potential lessons learned.
Results
Overall, 98 studies were identified and assessed in this review, of which 58 were related to pandemics and 17 related to natural disasters. 97% of the studies on pandemics and blood donation were on COVID-19, while 88% of studies on natural disasters were on earthquakes. We confirmed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, blood donation numbers decreased compared to the pre-pandemic period, while just after an earthquake, blood donation numbers tended to increase, which in both cases put the blood supply chain under pressure (creating shortage or wastage). The increase of first-time donors was higher after a sudden destructive earthquake than after the COVID-19 pandemic. Public awareness campaigns, donors transportation, home visits, measures to minimize wastage of blood components, activation of contingency plans, and altering donor eligibility criteria were implemented to help the blood supply chain to respond to the demand and reduce wastage. However, no pandemic plans, per se were identified highlighting the lack of an emergency plan in collaboration with health authorities. Several optimization models were developed to help the blood supply chain reduce costs and identify faster transportation in times of earthquake, however, optimization models targeting a pandemic were lacking, as were risk modelling analyses for both events.
Conclusion
Optimization models, risk modelling, serosurveillance and haemovigilance should be combined with infectious diseases case surveillance to better prepare the whole supply chain logistics to safely attend the demand. Findings on blood donor demographics were inconclusive during or after major events, which highlight the need for further investigations.
自然灾害和流行病可能给血液供应链带来极大挑战。本次审查旨在评估大流行病和自然灾害对全球献血的影响,评估任何相似性和差异性,并概述所采用的缓解战略和优化措施以及所开展的风险建模。方法纳入1980年1月至2023年1月期间可在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Cochrane Library(含)检索的研究任何流行病和自然灾害对献血、血液供应管理和建模影响的同行评审文章全文。我们进行了质量评估并总结了潜在的经验教训。结果本综述共确定和评估了98项研究,其中58项与流行病有关,17项与自然灾害有关。关于大流行和献血的研究97%是关于新冠肺炎的,而关于自然灾害的研究88%是关于地震的。我们证实,在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,献血人数与大流行前相比有所减少,而地震后,献血人数往往会增加,这两种情况都使血液供应链面临压力(造成短缺或浪费)。在突然发生破坏性地震后,首次捐款的增幅高于新冠肺炎大流行后。实施了提高公众认识运动、献血者运输、家访、尽量减少血液成分浪费的措施、启动应急计划以及改变献血者资格标准,以帮助血液供应链应对需求并减少浪费。然而,没有确定大流行病计划本身,这突出表明缺乏与卫生当局合作的应急计划。开发了几个优化模型,以帮助血液供应链降低成本,并在地震时确定更快的运输速度,但是,缺乏针对大流行的优化模型,也缺乏针对这两种事件的风险建模分析。结论优化模型、风险建模、血清监测和血液警戒应与传染病病例监测相结合,以更好地为整个供应链物流做好准备,安全满足需求。在重大事件期间或之后,关于献血者人口统计数据的调查结果尚无定论,这突出了进一步调查的必要性。