REGIONAL OBSERVATORY OF PHYSICAL FITNESS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN SOUTHERN ITALY: A THIRTY-YEAR COMPARISON BETWEEN 1990-2020

IF 0.2 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Kinesiologia Slovenica Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI:10.52165/kinsi.29.1.122-137
Domenico Monacis, D. Colella, S. Kolimechkov
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Abstract

International literature showed that lower physical activity levels are associated with a progressive decline in physical fitness levels in children and adolescents over the past decades. The present cross-sectional study aims to assess trends in physical fitness levels among young adolescents in Lecce (Apulia region, Italy) comparing motor performances in 1990 and 2020. The sample consisted of 107 children attending the secondary school in Lecce in 1990, and 118 children attending secondary school in the same province in 2020, divided according to gender and BMI cut-off (normal weight and overweight/obese). Physical fitness assessment included standing long jump, medicine ball throw 2kg, 30-m dash and Cooper endurance running proposed both in 1990 and 2020. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare motor performances (1990 vs 2020) according to gender and BMI, and on total sample according to BMI; chi-square test was carried out to underline differences between Normal Weight, Overweight and Obese distribution in 1990 and 2020, and linear regression analysis was executed to investigate the variance in motor test explained by BMI, both in 1990 and 2020 groups. Results showed that: (a) sample in 1990 performed significantly better than those in 2020 in all of the above physical fitness test, independently for gender and BMI cut-off, (b) the percentage of overweight obese children has increased significantly from 1990 to 2020, and (c) BMI is a key factor influencing almost all motor performance in 2020.
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意大利南部地区儿童和青少年体质观察站:1990-2020年的31年比较
国际文献表明,在过去几十年中,较低的体育活动水平与儿童和青少年身体素质水平的逐渐下降有关。本横断面研究旨在评估莱切(意大利阿普利亚地区)青少年体质水平的趋势,比较1990年和2020年的运动表现。样本包括1990年在莱切上中学的107名儿童和2020年在同一省份上中学的118名儿童,根据性别和BMI界限(正常体重和超重/肥胖)进行划分。体能评估包括1990年和2020年提出的站立跳远、2公斤健身球投掷、30米短跑和库珀耐力跑。方差分析(ANOVA)根据性别和BMI对运动表现(1990年与2020年)进行比较,并根据BMI对总样本进行比较;进行卡方检验,以强调1990年和2020年正常体重、超重和肥胖分布之间的差异,并进行线性回归分析,以调查1990和2020年两组由BMI解释的运动测试的方差。结果显示:(a)1990年的样本在上述所有体能测试中的表现都明显好于2020年,独立于性别和BMI界限,(b)从1990年到2020年,超重肥胖儿童的百分比显著增加,(c)BMI是影响2020年几乎所有运动表现的关键因素。
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Kinesiologia Slovenica
Kinesiologia Slovenica SPORT SCIENCES-
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