Мифологический персонаж (з)мора / мара в традиции Южного Подлясья в польской и общеславянской перспективе

Q3 Social Sciences Studia Mythologica Slavica Pub Date : 2021-10-04 DOI:10.3986/sms20212406

Marija V. Jasinskaja

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Abstract

The author analyzes the field materials collected during her expedition to the Southern Podlasie (Łuków-Siedlce-Garwolin region in Poland) in 2017 and sheds light on the local version of the supernatural being under the name “zmora”. In this territory zmora is endowed with a function (not typical in other Polish local traditions) to tangle and braid the horses’ manes. Meanwhile the informants put aside zmora’s traditional function (that is to suffocate a sleeping person) or do not mention it at all. Zmora from Southern Podlasie is regarded in a wider Polish and all-Slavic perspective. Such parameters as the supernatural being’s name, its origin, appearance, behavior, time of the activity, its functions as well as the amulets and preventive measures used against this evil spirit are examined. The author concludes that in the studied Slavic archaic area zmora has partially taken over the functions of the house spirits, that is reflected in the entire fragment of the mythological characters’ system associated linked to the domestic and economic (cattle-breeding) sphere.

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从波兰和泛斯拉夫的角度来看，南波德拉西亚传统中的神话人物莫尔/马尔

作者分析了2017年她在南波德拉西（波兰的Łuków-Siedlce-Garwolin地区）探险期间收集的野外材料，并揭示了当地版本的“zmora”名字下的超自然生物。在这片土地上，兹莫拉被赋予了缠绕和编织马鬃毛的功能（在其他波兰当地传统中并不典型）。与此同时，线人搁置了zmora的传统功能（即窒息熟睡的人），或者根本没有提及。波德拉西南部的兹莫拉被认为是一个更广泛的波兰人和全斯拉夫人的视角。考察了超自然生物的名称、起源、外貌、行为、活动时间、功能以及对抗这种邪恶灵魂的护身符和预防措施等参数。作者得出结论，在所研究的斯拉夫古代地区，兹莫拉已经部分接管了家庭精神的功能，这反映在与家庭和经济（养牛）领域相关的神话人物系统的整个片段中。

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来源期刊

Studia Mythologica Slavica Social Sciences-Cultural Studies

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0.50

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0.00%

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期刊介绍： Studia mythologica Slavica is international scientific journal on the mythology, spiritual culture and tradition of Slavic and also other nations and people. It is published by the Institute of Slovenian Ethnology of the Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, and by the Dipartimento di Lingue e Letterature Straniere, Università degli Studi di Udine. The journal is dedicated to interdisciplinary studies, and one of the main aims of this journal is to present comparative research that defines and determines (i.e. establishes) Slavic culture in the context of the wider European and non-European world (cultures). The journal intends to throw light on the belief systems and religions of older Slavic, Eurasian, and other civilisations. Moreover, it encourages the research of contemporary phenomena in the field of spiritual, social and material culture, and their transformation. The character of the publication is both international and interdisciplinary, covering the themes from the field of ethnology, anthropology, archaeology, linguistics, religious studies, history of literature and philosophy. It also brings new interpretations of historical sources and presents new discoveries, material, and field research. The journal was first published in 1998, and since then it has been published once a year in a multi-language edition, in print and on the internet. Each year, it is distributed in exchange for hundred scientific publications from around the world. The articles are published in English, Italian, German and all Slavic languages. All articles have long summaries and an abstract in the English language.