Prispevek se osredinja na toponimijo južnega in jugovzhodnega Velebita, povezano z degradiranimi in demoniziranimi bajeslovnimi bitji (vile in starke, babice), ta toponimija izhaja iz tradicionalnih simbolnih predstav in verovanj prebivalcev južnega Podgorja. Raziskava temelji na obravnavi ljudskih pripovedi, obrednih pesmi in novejših pisnih virov z namenom interpretacije toponimov v južnem Podgorju, ki pričajo o preživetju predkrščanskih, slovanskih verovanj.
{"title":"Elementi pretkršćanskih vjerovanja u toponimiji južnog i jugoistočnog Velebita","authors":"Mirjana Trošelj","doi":"10.3986/sms20232605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20232605","url":null,"abstract":"Prispevek se osredinja na toponimijo južnega in jugovzhodnega Velebita, povezano z degradiranimi in demoniziranimi bajeslovnimi bitji (vile in starke, babice), ta toponimija izhaja iz tradicionalnih simbolnih predstav in verovanj prebivalcev južnega Podgorja. Raziskava temelji na obravnavi ljudskih pripovedi, obrednih pesmi in novejših pisnih virov z namenom interpretacije toponimov v južnem Podgorju, ki pričajo o preživetju predkrščanskih, slovanskih verovanj.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents a stone idol located in the courtyard of the monastery of St. Naum near Ohrid, discovered within its boundaries or somewhere in its surroundings at an unknown date. The authors offer a description of the monument, assumptions about its former appearance, and an analysis of its iconographic elements, with an emphasis on ithyphallicity and the pose of the hands. Through analogies, the article assesses the chronological and cultural affiliation of the idol, with arguments in favor of its potential Pagan-Slavic character. The monument is also observed in context of the mythological and religious traditions of the region, with a focus on the local cult of St. Naum and the legend of how he yoked a bear. In that direction, presented in the article are also the surrounding toponyms that contain Pagan-Slavic theonyms, with a predominance of those of a chthonic nature. The attribution and character of the idol is then derived on the basis of comparing its iconography with the domains of St. Naum as the depicted character’s Christian successor: agriculture, livestock, water, crafts, trade, as well as healing, especially of childlessness and mental illness.
{"title":"An Ithyphallic Idol from the Monastery of St. Naum near Ohrid","authors":"Nikos Chausidis, Igor Eftimovski","doi":"10.3986/sms20232601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20232601","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a stone idol located in the courtyard of the monastery of St. Naum near Ohrid, discovered within its boundaries or somewhere in its surroundings at an unknown date. The authors offer a description of the monument, assumptions about its former appearance, and an analysis of its iconographic elements, with an emphasis on ithyphallicity and the pose of the hands. Through analogies, the article assesses the chronological and cultural affiliation of the idol, with arguments in favor of its potential Pagan-Slavic character. The monument is also observed in context of the mythological and religious traditions of the region, with a focus on the local cult of St. Naum and the legend of how he yoked a bear. In that direction, presented in the article are also the surrounding toponyms that contain Pagan-Slavic theonyms, with a predominance of those of a chthonic nature. The attribution and character of the idol is then derived on the basis of comparing its iconography with the domains of St. Naum as the depicted character’s Christian successor: agriculture, livestock, water, crafts, trade, as well as healing, especially of childlessness and mental illness.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":"192 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article summarises, analyses and structures the beliefs of the Turkic population of the Southern Urals that are associated with stones, mountains, menhirs, karaski, stone mounds, tombstones, etc.Based on the works of Russian and foreign authors, as well as on field materials gathered during the expedition trips in 2011–2023, two groups of beliefs are singled out: cults associated with stones of natural (divine) origin, and beliefs associated with stone constructions of man-made origin. Various forms of the use of stone and stone constructions by the Turkic people in modern ritual practice are described. The processes of sacralisation and desacralisation at the cult sites of the Southern Urals occurring at the present stage of development are considered. Beliefs related to gemstones, to which people gave special symbolic meaning, and attributed protective, magic and healing properties, are analysed separately.
{"title":"Sacred Stones and Stone Structures in the Ritual Practice of the Turkic Population in the Southern Urals: Archaeological Evidence and Modernity","authors":"A. Tuzbekov, Albert Akhatov","doi":"10.3986/sms20232602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20232602","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarises, analyses and structures the beliefs of the Turkic population of the Southern Urals that are associated with stones, mountains, menhirs, karaski, stone mounds, tombstones, etc.Based on the works of Russian and foreign authors, as well as on field materials gathered during the expedition trips in 2011–2023, two groups of beliefs are singled out: cults associated with stones of natural (divine) origin, and beliefs associated with stone constructions of man-made origin. Various forms of the use of stone and stone constructions by the Turkic people in modern ritual practice are described. The processes of sacralisation and desacralisation at the cult sites of the Southern Urals occurring at the present stage of development are considered. Beliefs related to gemstones, to which people gave special symbolic meaning, and attributed protective, magic and healing properties, are analysed separately.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prispevek temelji na enomesečni terenski raziskavi, ki je leta 2019 potekala na treh lokacijah v Argentini med slovenskimi priseljenci in njihovimi potomci z namenom dokumentiranja narativnega gradiva, predvsem slovstvene folklore. Večina pripovedovalcev, ki jih je raziskava zajela, so emigranti oz. njihovi potomci, ki so se v Argentino naselili po drugi svetovni vojni kot politični begunci. Ta slovenska skupnost je v novi deželi takoj po prihodu vzpostavila slovenske domove, ki so skrbeli za izobraževanje in gojenje slovenskega jezika in kulture (in s tem identitete) vse do danes. Analiza ugotavlja, kateri elementi slovenstva se v narativnem gradivu najbolj pogosto pojavljajo na nivoju jezika in »tradicionalne« kulture v odnosu do matične domovine Slovenije in do latinskoameriške kulture in katere distinkcije med kulturama so najbolj poudarjene.
{"title":"Elementi slovenstva v odnosu do matične domovine in do latinskoameriške kulture v narativnem gradivu, dokumentiranem pri argentinskih Slovencih","authors":"Barbara Ivančič Kutin","doi":"10.3986/sms20232606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20232606","url":null,"abstract":"Prispevek temelji na enomesečni terenski raziskavi, ki je leta 2019 potekala na treh lokacijah v Argentini med slovenskimi priseljenci in njihovimi potomci z namenom dokumentiranja narativnega gradiva, predvsem slovstvene folklore. Večina pripovedovalcev, ki jih je raziskava zajela, so emigranti oz. njihovi potomci, ki so se v Argentino naselili po drugi svetovni vojni kot politični begunci. Ta slovenska skupnost je v novi deželi takoj po prihodu vzpostavila slovenske domove, ki so skrbeli za izobraževanje in gojenje slovenskega jezika in kulture (in s tem identitete) vse do danes. Analiza ugotavlja, kateri elementi slovenstva se v narativnem gradivu najbolj pogosto pojavljajo na nivoju jezika in »tradicionalne« kulture v odnosu do matične domovine Slovenije in do latinskoameriške kulture in katere distinkcije med kulturama so najbolj poudarjene.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raznolikost podob kralja Matjaža v slovenskem folklornem izročilu, kontekstov, s katerimi se povezujejo, in njegove vzporednice z izročilom drugih narodov so pomenile močan izziv za folkloristične raziskave: zaradi neskladnosti zgodovinskih dejstev se je uveljavila teza, da je Matija Korvin v vlogi kralja Matjaža nadomestil starejši lik. Prispevek na podlagi najvidnejšega uvodnega verza pesmi o Kralju Matjažu, predvsem pa z analizo prvotnega pomena pridevnika ogrski zgodovinsko osebo predkorvinovskega kralja Matjaža išče v obdobju, ki je za Slovence pomenilo največjo prelomnico, v času Karla Velikega oz. času, ko so Slovenci še ohranjali gospodarsko in družbeno moč in njene simbole, hkrati pa opozori na usodni čas, ki je temu sledil.
{"title":"Prezrti zgodovinski kontekst izročila o kralju Matjažu","authors":"Marija Klobčar","doi":"10.3986/sms20232604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20232604","url":null,"abstract":"Raznolikost podob kralja Matjaža v slovenskem folklornem izročilu, kontekstov, s katerimi se povezujejo, in njegove vzporednice z izročilom drugih narodov so pomenile močan izziv za folkloristične raziskave: zaradi neskladnosti zgodovinskih dejstev se je uveljavila teza, da je Matija Korvin v vlogi kralja Matjaža nadomestil starejši lik. Prispevek na podlagi najvidnejšega uvodnega verza pesmi o Kralju Matjažu, predvsem pa z analizo prvotnega pomena pridevnika ogrski zgodovinsko osebo predkorvinovskega kralja Matjaža išče v obdobju, ki je za Slovence pomenilo največjo prelomnico, v času Karla Velikega oz. času, ko so Slovenci še ohranjali gospodarsko in družbeno moč in njene simbole, hkrati pa opozori na usodni čas, ki je temu sledil.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pokončni stebri so tudi del mitične pokrajine starih Slovanov. Na dejstvo, da je bil tak steber uporabljen kot gnomon, je mogoče sklepati iz obstoja učinkov njegovega delovanja, ki jih najdemo v pokrajini: smeri neba, datumsko pomembni azimuti sončnega vzhoda in sončnega zahoda, kot, ki ustreza nagibu ekliptike. Domnevni krožni argument, da trikotniki definirajo kot in isti kot definira iste trikotnike, je Bilićev konstrukt in je matematično nemogoč, saj trikotnika ne moremo definirati samo z enim kotom. A tudi če so astronomsko znanje starih Slovanov res utemeljevali v sedanjosti s povsem krožnim dokazom (kar pa niso), to še ne pomeni, da stari Slovani niso imeli astronomskega znanja.
{"title":"Kako vemo, da so stari Slovani poznali gnomone?","authors":"Andrej Pleterski","doi":"10.3986/sms20222514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20222514","url":null,"abstract":"Pokončni stebri so tudi del mitične pokrajine starih Slovanov. Na dejstvo, da je bil tak steber uporabljen kot gnomon, je mogoče sklepati iz obstoja učinkov njegovega delovanja, ki jih najdemo v pokrajini: smeri neba, datumsko pomembni azimuti sončnega vzhoda in sončnega zahoda, kot, ki ustreza nagibu ekliptike. Domnevni krožni argument, da trikotniki definirajo kot in isti kot definira iste trikotnike, je Bilićev konstrukt in je matematično nemogoč, saj trikotnika ne moremo definirati samo z enim kotom. A tudi če so astronomsko znanje starih Slovanov res utemeljevali v sedanjosti s povsem krožnim dokazom (kar pa niso), to še ne pomeni, da stari Slovani niso imeli astronomskega znanja.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41450838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Članek obravnava meme o virusu COVID-19, ki so bili deljeni na Facebook skupini Belief Narrative Network’s od njenega začetka aprila 2020 do konca avgusta 2020 (ko je bil ta članek napisan), torej med prvim valom pandemije. Avtorica obravnava glavne skrbi članov skupine, ki se odražajo v temah, ki jih memi obravnavajo, in vloge, ki so jih imeli ti v njihovem življenju.
{"title":"Življenje s COVID-19 v spletni folklori","authors":"M. Mencej","doi":"10.3986/sms20222503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20222503","url":null,"abstract":"Članek obravnava meme o virusu COVID-19, ki so bili deljeni na Facebook skupini Belief Narrative Network’s od njenega začetka aprila 2020 do konca avgusta 2020 (ko je bil ta članek napisan), torej med prvim valom pandemije. Avtorica obravnava glavne skrbi članov skupine, ki se odražajo v temah, ki jih memi obravnavajo, in vloge, ki so jih imeli ti v njihovem življenju.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42995788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article discusses conspiracy theories concerned with the global crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia based on material collected from the Internet and during fieldwork. Content is examined using the well-established foundations of conspiracy theories, the semiotics of the conspiracy theories, and their mythological structure. Pandemic-related conspiracy stories appear to emerge from already established conspiracy narratives, linking them to a bigger and imminent threat to the health and freedom of humanity, believed to be perpetrated by conspiring evil forces.
{"title":"COVID-19 Conspiracy Theories in Slovenia","authors":"Kristina Radomirović Maček, S. Babič","doi":"10.3986/sms20222502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20222502","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses conspiracy theories concerned with the global crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia based on material collected from the Internet and during fieldwork. Content is examined using the well-established foundations of conspiracy theories, the semiotics of the conspiracy theories, and their mythological structure. Pandemic-related conspiracy stories appear to emerge from already established conspiracy narratives, linking them to a bigger and imminent threat to the health and freedom of humanity, believed to be perpetrated by conspiring evil forces.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46061591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Članek obravnava interpretacijo odlomka v Pesmi o Igorjevem pohodu, znameniti anonimni srednjeveški epski pesmi. Obravnavani odlomek je avtorjev nagovor Vsevolodu Jurijeviču, vojaško močnemu velikemu vladimirskemu knezu. Podoba Vsevoloda je pretirana. Podobno kot starodavnim perzijskim kraljem mu pripisujejo sposobnost kaznovanja rek Volge in Don, ki so jih takrat zasedli Polovci. Istočasno se uporabljata imeni sužnja (chaga) in sužnej (koshchey), ki sta najverjetneje iranskega izvora. Severnoiranski mit prikazuje tudi Vsevolodove vazale, sinove kneza Gleba Rostislaviča Rjazanskega, žive puščice (šereširjem) za ogromno balisto (tir-i-charkh), ki se uporablja na vzhodu. Vzporednice s to podobo je mogoče zaslediti v nartskem epu o Osetih, kjer neranljivi Nart Batraz deluje kot puščica iz takšnega orožja.
{"title":"Чага, кощей и живые шереширы","authors":"Kostyantyn Rakhno","doi":"10.3986/sms20222509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20222509","url":null,"abstract":"Članek obravnava interpretacijo odlomka v Pesmi o Igorjevem pohodu, znameniti anonimni srednjeveški epski pesmi. Obravnavani odlomek je avtorjev nagovor Vsevolodu Jurijeviču, vojaško močnemu velikemu vladimirskemu knezu. Podoba Vsevoloda je pretirana. Podobno kot starodavnim perzijskim kraljem mu pripisujejo sposobnost kaznovanja rek Volge in Don, ki so jih takrat zasedli Polovci. Istočasno se uporabljata imeni sužnja (chaga) in sužnej (koshchey), ki sta najverjetneje iranskega izvora. Severnoiranski mit prikazuje tudi Vsevolodove vazale, sinove kneza Gleba Rostislaviča Rjazanskega, žive puščice (šereširjem) za ogromno balisto (tir-i-charkh), ki se uporablja na vzhodu. Vzporednice s to podobo je mogoče zaslediti v nartskem epu o Osetih, kjer neranljivi Nart Batraz deluje kot puščica iz takšnega orožja.","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45684926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this article is to conduct comparative and structural-semantic research into belief narratives concerning flying serpents and treasure-bearers in East Slavic (Belarusian, Estonian Russian, other Slavic traditions) and Finno-Ugric (Estonian, Votic, Livonian, Finnish, Vepsian) regions related to Baltic and Scandinavian beliefs. The source material was collected between the 19th and 21st centuries. Based on the available materials, a character profile was created with respect to the following features while describing a flying serpent and a treasure-bringer: description of the origin (how and from whom the supernatural being originates), general forms of appearance, aspects of time and location, as well as the creature’s behaviour (active/passive; rituals) and genre affiliation (the process of storytelling, perception of the character).
{"title":"The Treasure-bearer in East Slavic and Finno-Ugric Contexts","authors":"M. Kõiva, Elena Boganeva","doi":"10.3986/sms20222504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3986/sms20222504","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this article is to conduct comparative and structural-semantic research into belief narratives concerning flying serpents and treasure-bearers in East Slavic (Belarusian, Estonian Russian, other Slavic traditions) and Finno-Ugric (Estonian, Votic, Livonian, Finnish, Vepsian) regions related to Baltic and Scandinavian beliefs. The source material was collected between the 19th and 21st centuries. Based on the available materials, a character profile was created with respect to the following features while describing a flying serpent and a treasure-bringer: description of the origin (how and from whom the supernatural being originates), general forms of appearance, aspects of time and location, as well as the creature’s behaviour (active/passive; rituals) and genre affiliation (the process of storytelling, perception of the character).","PeriodicalId":37944,"journal":{"name":"Studia Mythologica Slavica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43695420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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