Endocrine, genetic, and microbiome nexus of obesity and potential role of postbiotics: a narrative review.

Weiming Wu, Zhengfang Chen, Jiani Han, Lingling Qian, Wanqiu Wang, Jiacai Lei, Huaguan Wang
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Abstract

Obesity is a public health crisis, presenting a huge burden on health care and the economic system in both developed and developing countries. According to the WHO's latest report on obesity, 39% of adults of age 18 and above are obese, with an increase of 18% compared to the last few decades. Metabolic energy imbalance due to contemporary lifestyle, changes in gut microbiota, hormonal imbalance, inherent genetics, and epigenetics is a major contributory factor to this crisis. Multiple studies have shown that probiotics and their metabolites (postbiotics) supplementation have an effect on obesity-related effects in vitro, in vivo, and in human clinical investigations. Postbiotics such as the SCFAs suppress obesity by regulating metabolic hormones such as GLP-1, and PPY thus reducing feed intake and suppressing appetite. Furthermore, muramyl di-peptides, bacteriocins, and LPS have been tested against obesity and yielded promising results in both human and mice studies. These insights provide an overview of targetable pharmacological sites and explore new opportunities for the safer use of postbiotics against obesity in the future.

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肥胖的内分泌、遗传和微生物组关系以及后生物的潜在作用:叙述性综述。
肥胖是一场公共卫生危机,给发达国家和发展中国家的医疗保健和经济系统带来了巨大负担。根据世界卫生组织关于肥胖的最新报告,39%的18岁及以上成年人肥胖,与过去几十年相比增加了18%。当代生活方式导致的代谢能量失衡、肠道微生物群的变化、激素失衡、固有遗传学和表观遗传学是导致这场危机的主要因素。多项研究表明,在体外、体内和人体临床研究中,补充益生菌及其代谢产物(益生素后)对肥胖相关影响有影响。诸如SCFAs之类的益生元通过调节代谢激素如GLP-1和PPY来抑制肥胖,从而减少饲料摄入并抑制食欲。此外,胞壁酰二肽、细菌素和LPS已经针对肥胖进行了测试,并在人类和小鼠研究中产生了有希望的结果。这些见解提供了靶向药理学位点的概述,并探索了未来更安全地使用益生元对抗肥胖的新机会。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
10.30%
发文量
170
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity is a scientific journal whose main purpose is to create an international forum devoted to the several sectors of eating disorders and obesity and the significant relations between them. The journal publishes basic research, clinical and theoretical articles on eating disorders and weight-related problems: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, subthreshold eating disorders, obesity, atypical patterns of eating behaviour and body weight regulation in clinical and non-clinical populations.
期刊最新文献
Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Eating Self-Efficacy Brief Scale (ESEBS): the Brazilian version. The risk of kidney dysfunction in metabolically healthy/unhealthy population with normal weight or overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Correction: Optimising healthcare transition of adolescents and young adults to adult care: a perspective statement of the Italian Society of Obesity. Multidimensional perfectionism and orthorexia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adverse childhood experiences and profiles of healthy orthorexia versus orthorexia nervosa: towards an explanatory model of orthorexia as a multidimensional eating style.
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