The mechanism of bone healing after traumatic brain injury

Abstract

A growing body of evidence suggests that patients who experience traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) exhibit significantly shorter healing periods compared to those with isolated fractures. However, the precise underlying mechanism behind this phenomenon remains unclear. Recent studies have shed light on the potential role of hormonal signals and neural circuits originating in the hypothalamus, which play vital roles in regulating the skeletal system. Despite these advances, there is a lack of comprehensive research summarizing the crucial role of bone healing in TBIs and the underlying mechanisms. This review aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for the accelerated bone healing observed in TBI patients, with a specific focus on the intricate crosstalk between TBI and bone remodeling. Additionally, we comprehensively discuss and summarize the beneficial effects of TBI on the skeletal system and examine the TBI-induced signaling pathways that result in accelerated fracture healing and bone remodeling. By dissecting these pathways, we aim to identify potential targets for intervention and bone repair promotion.