Casanova: A Case Study of Celebrity in 18th Century Europe

Nicola Vinovrski
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Abstract

Historical studies of celebrity, or particular instances of it, focus on figures who had fame which could be tied to a particular achievement or ascribed status; for example, writers, politicians, actors, artists, composers, musicians, and monarchs. These studies suggest that there were certain shifts which occurred during the 18th century which allowed celebrity to develop, that there were many theatrical and literary celebrities during this period and that the phenomenon really gained traction in the Romantic era. These studies put paid to the idea that celebrity is a very recent phenomenon, the product of technological developments (though many still do make the claim). What they have not done adequately is test the edges of the phenomenon of celebrity. Casanova's well-knownness has been given no critical attention by scholars of either Casanova or of historical celebrity. However, he was a celebrity and in such an archetypically modern way that he calls into question the currently perceived historical limits of celebrity. His case study demonstrates that there is much more to be done in relation to investigating historical celebrity and that plotting its origins in the Romantic era or even the mid-18th century may be to give it short shrift.
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卡萨诺瓦:18世纪欧洲名人个案研究
对名人的历史研究,或其特定实例,关注的是那些可能与特定成就或地位联系在一起的名人;例如,作家、政治家、演员、艺术家、作曲家、音乐家和君主。这些研究表明,18世纪发生了一些变化,这使得名人得以发展,这一时期出现了许多戏剧和文学名人,这种现象在浪漫主义时代得到了真正的关注。这些研究推翻了“名人是最近才出现的现象,是科技发展的产物”的观点(尽管仍有许多人这样认为)。他们做得不够充分的是测试名人现象的边缘。无论是研究卡萨诺瓦还是研究历史名人的学者,都没有对卡萨诺瓦的知名度给予批判性的关注。然而,他是一位名人,而且以一种典型的现代方式,他对目前人们认为的名人的历史局限提出了质疑。他的案例研究表明,在调查历史名人方面还有很多工作要做,而将其起源归咎于浪漫主义时代甚至18世纪中期可能会被忽视。
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