"La comprensión lectora en Inglés: problemas encontrados en las pruebas de acceso a la universidad" [Reading comprehension in English: problems found within the spanish university entrance examination]

Abstract

RESUMEN: El objetivo de esta investigacion es analizar errores de lectura en ingles –cometidos por alumnos espanoles de segundo de bachillerato en la prueba de acceso a la universidad- detectando los problemas de comprension mediante la observacion y el dialogo con el lector segun se van produciendo (miscue analysis). Para llevar a cabo el experimento, se siguen los siguientes pasos: seleccion de la muestra, eleccion de las lecturas, prevision de problemas, analisis de errores, explicacion de resultados, extraccion de conclusiones y, por ultimo, propuesta de mejoras en el habito lector y comprobacion de su eficacia. Este trabajo pretende aportar nuevas teorias sobre el proceso lector y aplicar un cambio en la concepcion del mismo basado en la actitud de los lectores para obtener exito. Igualmente, los datos registrados han permitido depurar estrategias que subsanen los problemas detectados; ademas, la demostracion de su valia ofrece alternativas para mejorar la practica docente en cuanto a comprension lectora. ABSTRACT: The aim of the current study is to analyse reading mistakes in English made by Spanish students in their second year of Baccalaureate in the university entrance examination. For that, miscue analysis is applied, which consists in detecting comprehension problems while observing the readers’ behaviour and dialoguing with them as they make those mistakes. To carry out the present experiment, the following steps were taken: selection of the participants and the reading fragments, problem anticipation, analysis of the mistakes, explanation of the results, drawing conclusions and, finally, proposals for improvement and checking of their effectiveness. This paper seeks to find new theories about the reading process and to apply a change in its conception based on readers’ attitudes to be successful. The data registered during the process have led to polish strategies which can solve those problems; furthermore, after having checked their success, alternatives to improve teaching methods used for reading comprehension are also offered.