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Twenty Years of Research into the Health Impacts of Native-themed Mascots: A Scoping Review. 本土主题吉祥物对健康影响的二十年研究:范围审查》。
IF 1.3 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5820/aian.2901.2022.92
Sierra Watt, Ian Record, Yvette Roubideaux

Despite their recent high-profile removal by a handful of professional sports teams, Native-themed mascots continue to be a mainstay of professional, college, and youth athletics. To determine the extent of the literature on the health impacts on American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) as a result of Native-themed mascots, we conducted a scoping review of primary research articles, utilizing the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) research framework as a guide to define health impacts broadly to include impacts on determinants of health and health disparities. Three databases were utilized, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, and JSTOR, to identify the peer-reviewed literature for a twenty-year period that studied the health impacts of Native-themed mascots. We found 26 articles and books in the peer-reviewed literature and additional gray literature during the time period of 1999-2019. To better identify the relationship between Native-themed mascots and health impacts, we reviewed the articles by their focus on three groups: AI/ANs generally, AI/AN youth, and those that studied all races/ethnicities. The majority of research included in this review illustrates overall negative impacts of Native-themed mascots on health and its determinants that influence health and health disparities. Public health efforts should include review and replacement of harmful Native-themed mascots in professional and academic sports to avoid negative health impacts on AI/AN adults and youth.

尽管最近有少数职业运动队高调取消了吉祥物,但以原住民为主题的吉祥物仍然是职业、大学和青少年体育运动的主流。为了确定有关原住民主题吉祥物对美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民(AI/ANs)健康影响的文献范围,我们对主要研究文章进行了一次范围审查,利用美国国家少数民族健康和健康差异研究所(NIMHD)的研究框架作为指导,对健康影响进行了广泛定义,包括对健康决定因素和健康差异的影响。我们使用了三个数据库:MEDLINE/PubMed、PsycINFO 和 JSTOR,以确定二十年内研究本土主题吉祥物对健康影响的同行评审文献。我们在同行评议文献中找到了 26 篇文章和书籍,还找到了 1999-2019 年期间的其他灰色文献。为了更好地确定原住民主题吉祥物与健康影响之间的关系,我们按照文章对三个群体的关注程度进行了审查:一般的美国原住民/印第安人、美国原住民/印第安人青少年以及研究所有种族/民族的文章。本综述中包含的大多数研究说明了土著主题吉祥物对健康的总体负面影响,以及影响健康和健康差异的决定因素。公共卫生工作应包括审查和更换职业和学术体育中有害的原住民主题吉祥物,以避免对阿拉斯加原住民成年人和青少年的健康产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 2
Ciclos económicos y variables monetarias y financieras en México, 1980-2019: un enfoque de cambio estructural: Business Cycles and Monetary and Financial Variables in Mexico, 1980-2019: A Structural Change Approach 1980-2019年墨西哥经济周期与货币和金融变量:结构变化方法:1980-2019年墨西哥的商业周期与货币和金融变量:结构变化方法
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2021-11-12 DOI: 10.29105/ENSAYOS40.2-2
Reyna Vergara González, Pablo Mejía Reyes, Miguel Ángel Díaz Carreño
El objetivo de este documento es analizar la relacion entre el ciclo economico y diversas variables monetarias y financieras con el fin de determinar si han sido estables en el tiempo, teniendo en cuenta los efectos de las modificaciones en las condiciones economicas generales, la estrategia especifica adoptada de politica monetaria en diferentes subperiodos y las condiciones institucionales en que esta se maneja. Para probar la estabilidad de estas relaciones, una vez que se obtienen los indicadores del ciclo mediante los filtros convencionales, se emplea la metodologia de cambio estructural de Bai y Perron (1998). Los resultados destacan dos cambios estructurales en la relacion entre el indicador del ciclo y las variables de inflacion, tasa de interes, tipo de cambio nominal y agregados monetarios nominales, uno a mediados de los anos ochenta y el otro a mediados de los noventa. Abstract This paper aims to analyze the relationship between the business cycle and various monetary and financial variables. In particular, the paper seeks to determine whether this relationship has been stable over time, considering the effects of the changes in the general economic conditions, the specific monetary policy strategy adopted in different subperiods, and the institutional framework in which this is managed. To test the stability of these relationships, once the cycle indicators are obtained using conventional filters, the structural change methodology of Bai and Perron (1998) is used. The results highlight two structural changes in the relationship between the cycle indicator and inflation, interest rate, nominal exchange rate, and nominal monetary aggregates, one in the mid-eighties and the other in the middle of the nineties.
本文的目的是分析经济周期与各种货币和金融变量之间的关系,以确定它们是否随着时间的推移而稳定,同时考虑到变化对一般经济条件的影响,不同子时期采取的具体货币政策战略以及处理这些政策的体制条件。为了测试这些关系的稳定性,一旦通过常规过滤器获得周期指标,就使用了Bai和Perron(1998年)的结构变化方法。结果强调了周期指标与通货膨胀、利率、名义汇率和名义货币总量变量之间关系的两个结构性变化,一个在1980年代中期,另一个在1990年代中期。摘要本文旨在分析商业周期与各种货币和金融变量之间的关系。特别是,该文件试图确定这种关系是否随着时间的推移而稳定,同时考虑到变化对总体经济状况的影响,不同子期采取的具体货币政策战略,以及管理这种关系的体制框架。为了测试这些关系的稳定性,一旦使用常规过滤器获得周期指标,就使用了Bai和Perron(1998)的结构变化方法。结果强调了周期指标与通货膨胀、利率、名义汇率和名义货币总额之间关系的两个结构性变化,一个在80年代中期,另一个在90年代中期。
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引用次数: 0
CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO Y GASTO PÚBLICO EN SALUD SEGÚN POBLACIÓN OBJETIVO EN MÉXICO 墨西哥按目标人口分列的经济增长和公共卫生支出
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.29105/ENSAYOS40.1-4
Jorge José Luis Reynoso-González, Adrián de León Arias
En este articulo se analiza, la relacion de largo plazo entre gasto publico en salud (GPS) y crecimiento economico (CE) enMexico desde una perspectiva regional y considerando el gasto publico en salud hacia poblacion, con y sin acceso a seguridad social. En particular, ofrecemos un analisis diferencial por tipo de acceso a servicios de salud y region que enriquece la literatura al respecto. El analisis econometrico se desarrolla a traves de datos en panel con informacion de PIB y GPS de 32 entidades federativas en un periodo de 1993 a 2017 y aplica tecnicas de cointegracion y modelacion mediante MG-FMOLS. Los principales resultados encuentran evidencia a favor de una relacion de largo plazo entre CE yambos tipos de GPS. Adicionalmente, se explora la relacion entre estos resultados y el nivel de desarrollo por entidad federativa.Economic growth and public spending on health according tothe target population in MexicoThis article analyzes the long-term relationship between Public Spending on Health (PHS) and economic growth (EG) in Mexico through a regional perspective and considering public spending on health to the population, with and without access to social security. In particular, we offer a differential analysis by type of access to health services and region that enriches the literature in this regard. The econometric analysis is developed through panel data with GDP and PHS information from 32 states in a period from 1993 to 2017 and applies cointegration and modeling techniques using MG-FMOLS. The main results find evidence in favor of a long-term relationship between CE and both types of GPS. Additionally, the relationship between these results and the level of development by the state is explored.
本文从区域角度分析了墨西哥公共卫生支出(GPS)与经济增长(CE)之间的长期关系,并考虑了有和没有社会保障的人口的公共卫生支出。特别是,我们提供了按获得保健服务的类型和地区分列的差异分析,丰富了这方面的文献。计量经济学分析是通过面板数据发展的32个联邦实体从1993年到2017年的gdp和GPS信息,并应用协整技术和建模的MG-FMOLS。主要结果表明,CE和两种GPS类型之间存在长期关系。此外,本文还探讨了这些结果与联邦实体的发展水平之间的关系。墨西哥目标人口的经济增长和卫生公共支出本文从区域角度分析了墨西哥卫生公共支出(PHS)和经济增长(EG)之间的长期关系,并考虑了在有和没有社会保障的情况下对人口的卫生公共支出。特别是,我们按获得卫生服务的类型和地区提供了不同的分析,丰富了这方面的文献。计量经济学分析是通过1993年至2017年32个国家的面板数据和GDP和小灵通信息进行的,并应用了使用MG-FMOLS的协整和建模技术。主要成果find in忙of a both types of长期relationship between欧共体和GPS。此外,还探讨了这些结果与国家发展水平之间的关系。
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引用次数: 1
EL IMPACTO DEL CRÉDITO BANCARIO SOBRE EL DESARROLLO HUMANO EN MÉXICO: UN ANÁLISIS DE DATOS PANEL A NIVEL ESTATAL, 2004-2016 银行信贷对墨西哥人类发展的影响:2004-2016年国家一级面板数据分析
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.29105/ENSAYOS40.1-1
Lizethe Berenice Méndez-Heras, F. Venegas-Martínez, Diego Emilio Linthon-Delgado
Objetivo: Esta investigacion examina la relacion entre el credito de la banca comercial y el desarrollo humano en Mexico por Estado. Metodologia:La metodologia consiste en: 1) la construccion del Indice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) en el nivel estatal de 2004 a 2016 (cada dos anos); 2) la estimacion de un modelo de variables instrumentales, utilizando MCO en dos etapas de datos panel; y 3) la estimacion de un modelo dinamico de datos panel. Resultados: Ambos modelos sugieren que existe una relacion estadisticamente significativa y positiva entre el credito de la banca comercial y el IDH estatal en Mexico.The Impact of Bank Credit on Human Development in Mexico: A Data Analysis Panel at State Level, 2004-2016 Objective: This research examines the relationship between commercial bank credit and human development in Mexico at the State level. Methodology: The methodology consists of 1) the construction of the Human Development Index (HDI) at the State level from 2004 to 2016 (every two years); 2) the estimation of a model of instrumental variables using OLS in two stages of panel data, and 3) the estimation of a dynamic panel data model. Results: Both models suggest a statistically significant and positive relationship between the credit of commercial banks and the States’ HDI in Mexico.
本研究的目的是探讨墨西哥各州商业银行信贷与人类发展之间的关系。方法:方法包括:1)2004 - 2016年国家一级人类发展指数(hdi)的构建(每两年一次);2)使用两阶段面板数据的MCO估计工具变量模型;3)动态面板数据模型的估计。结果:两种模型都表明,墨西哥商业银行信贷与国家人类发展指数之间存在统计学上显著的正相关关系。《墨西哥银行信贷对人类发展的影响:2004-2016年国家一级数据分析小组》目标:本研究考察了墨西哥商业银行信贷与国家一级人类发展之间的关系。方法:方法包括:1)2004 - 2016年国家一级人类发展指数(HDI)的构建(每两年一次);2)在面板数据的两个阶段使用OLS估算工具变量模型;3)动态面板数据模型估算。结果:这两种模式都表明,商业银行的信贷与墨西哥国家人类发展研究所之间存在着显著的正相关关系。
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引用次数: 0
EFECTOS DE LA GRAN RECESIÓN SOBRE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN DEL INGRESO EN MÉXICO 大衰退对墨西哥收入分配的影响
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.29105/ENSAYOS40.1-3
María Rosario Rodríguez Hernández, Leonardo A. Gatica
En este articulo analizamos el impacto que la Gran Recesion tuvo sobre la desigualdad del ingreso en Mexico. Estudiamos tres diferentes dimensiones del ingreso de los hogares: el ingreso por trabajo asalariado, el ingreso total por trabajo y el ingreso monetario. Encontramos que el impacto negativo de la contraccion economica sobre la inequidad del ingreso monetario no se observa para el ingreso por trabajo asalariado. Esta diferencia se explica por la caida en el ingreso por negocios que afecto en mayor proporcion a los hogares del decil mas alto, que a los hogares en los cuatro deciles mas bajos de la distribucion. Esta caida desproporcionada, de los ingresos por negocios, redujo ligeramente la desigualdad de los ingresos totales del trabajo. En el nivel regional se observan efectos heterogeneos; algunos de ellos se contraponen a lo observado en promedio, en el nivel nacional.   The Effects of the Great Recession on the IncomeDistribution in MexicoABSTRACTIn this paper, we explore the impact of the Great Recession on income inequality in Mexico. We analyze three different dimensions of household income: wages and salaries, earnings, and monetary income. We found that the negative effect of the downturn on household income inequality is mainly observed in monetary income, but not for wages and salaries. This divergence is explained by the significant contraction of business income that disproportionately affected the top 10 percent of households compared to the bottom 40 percent. Business income losses slightly reduced earnings inequality. We also found heterogeneous regional effects, some of them opposed to the national average.
本文分析了大衰退对墨西哥收入不平等的影响。本研究的目的是分析墨西哥家庭收入的三个维度:劳动收入、劳动总收入和货币收入。本研究的目的是评估经济收缩对货币收入不平等的影响。这一差距可以用商业收入的下降来解释,这对收入最高的十分之一的家庭的影响大于对收入最低的四十分之一的家庭的影响。这种不成比例的商业收入下降,略微减少了劳动总收入的不平等。在区域一级观察到异质性效应;其中一些与全国平均水平相反。大衰退对墨西哥收入分配的影响摘要本文探讨了大衰退对墨西哥收入不平等的影响。我们分析了家庭收入的三个不同维度:工资和工资、收入和货币收入。我们发现,家庭收入下降对家庭收入不平等的负面影响主要体现在货币收入方面,而不是工资和薪金方面。这种差异的原因是企业收入的显著收缩,这不成比例地影响了前10%的家庭,而底层40%的家庭。企业收入损失略有减少收入不平等。我们还发现了异质性的区域效应,其中一些与全国平均水平相反。
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引用次数: 0
DESIGUALDAD SALARIAL EN LOS SUBSECTORES MANUFACTUREROS EN MÉXICO, 2007-2018 2007-2018年墨西哥制造业分部门的工资不平等
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.29105/ENSAYOS40.1-2
Brenda Murillo-Villanueva, Yolanda Carbajal Suárez, Leobardo de Jesús Almonte
Este documento analiza los determinantes de la desigualdad salarial en la manufactura en Mexico. Entre los determinantes consensuados por la literatura economica se encuentran la apertura comercial, el cambio tecnico, la oferta de empleo y aspectos institucionales del mercado de trabajo. A partir de un modelo con datos de panel, se busca probar la significancia estadistica de estas variables en la determinacion de la desigualdad salarial para los 21 subsectores manufactureros en Mexico, en el periodo 2007-2018; para ello, se estima el indice de desigualdad para cada subsector. Los resultados muestran que la apertura comercial, el cambio tecnico, la oferta de empleo y la reforma laboral inciden de manera directa sobre la desigualdad salarial.  Wage Inequality in Mexico’s Manufacture, 2007-2018This paper analyzes the determinants of wage inequality in Mexico’s manufacture. Among the consensual determinants in the economic literature are trade openness, technical change, labor supply, and institutional aspects of the labor market. Therefore, by means of a panel data model, this work seeks to prove the statistical significance of these variables as determinants of wage inequality in the 21 Mexican manufacturing subsectors in the period 2007-2018. The results show that trade openness, technical change, labor supply, and labor reforms impinge positively on wage inequality.
本文分析了墨西哥制造业工资不平等的决定因素。经济学文献中一致同意的决定因素包括贸易开放、技术变革、就业供应和劳动力市场的制度方面。从一个带有面板数据的模型中,我们试图检验这些变量在决定墨西哥2007-2018年21个制造业分部门的工资不平等方面的统计意义;本研究的目的是通过对每个分部门的不平等指数进行估计。本研究的目的是分析墨西哥的工资不平等与贸易自由化、技术变革、就业供应和劳动改革之间的关系。墨西哥制造业工资不平等,2007-2018本文分析了墨西哥制造业工资不平等的决定因素。经济文献中的共识决定因素包括贸易开放、技术变革、劳动力供应和劳动力市场的制度方面。因此,通过小组数据模型,本文试图证明这些变量作为2007-2018年墨西哥21个制造业分部门工资不平等决定因素的统计意义。结果表明,贸易开放、技术变革、劳动力供应和劳动力改革对工资不平等产生了积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
Motivación y emociones en los nuevos materiales didácticos para la enseñanza de la Geografía: storytelling 地理新教材中的动机与情感:讲故事
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.18239/ENSAYOS.V35I2.2390
Rafael Sebastiá Alcaraz, Emilia María Tonda Monllor
espanolLa investigacion se centra en la evaluacion de las storytelling o “pildoras educativas”. El objetivo propuesto es contribuir a la innovacion didactica mediante el analisis de dicho material, ejemplificado en los recursos dispuestos en linea por el Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Geograficas. La metodologia utilizada se apoya en los “contadores”, y en las fichas de evaluacion respondidas en un curso institucional de formacion del profesorado de Ensenanza Secundaria de Geografia, y en el Congreso de Didactica de la Asociacion Espanola de Geografia. La aportacion esencial de la investigacion es mostrar como las nuevas tecnologias ayudan a mejorar la evaluacion de los materiales didacticos y a evidenciar la necesidad de realizar evaluacion inicial de los mismos. EnglishThe research focuses on the evaluation of storytelling or "educational pills". The main goal of this article is to contribute to didactic innovation through the analysis of this material, exemplified in the available resources online of the National Center for Geographical Research. The methodology used is based on the “counters” and the evaluation sheets answered by geography teachers and professors in an institutional training course for teachers of Secondary Education in Geography, and in the didactic Congress of the Spanish Geography Association. The essential contribution of this research is to show how new technologies help to improve the evaluation of teaching materials and to demonstrate the need for an initial evaluation of them
西班牙语研究的重点是评估讲故事或“教育药丸”。本文的目的是通过对这些材料的分析,以国家地理研究中心提供的在线资源为例,促进教学创新。本研究的目的是评估西班牙地理教学中使用的教学方法,以确定地理教学中使用的教学方法,并确定该方法是否符合西班牙地理教学中使用的教学方法。这项研究的主要贡献是展示新技术如何帮助提高教材的评价,并强调对教材进行初步评价的必要性。研究的重点是讲故事或“教育药”的评价。本文的主要目的是通过对这些材料的分析,如国家地理研究中心的在线资源所示,为教学创新做出贡献。所采用的方法是基于地理中学教育教师机构培训班的地理教师和教师所回答的“计数器”和评价表以及西班牙地理协会的教学大会。这项研究的主要贡献是展示新技术如何帮助改进教学材料的评价,并表明需要对这些材料进行初步评价。
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引用次数: 2
Los pósteres didácticos transversales: imágenes y relatos sobre el agua en Extremadura (España) 横向教学海报:埃斯特雷马杜拉(西班牙)关于水的图像和故事
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.18239/ENSAYOS.V35I2.2014
Angélica García-Mansó
El póster didáctico transversal se define como aquel póster académico caracterizado por emplear recursos narrativos y visuales como el storytelling y la realidad aumentada, que son diferentes de lo que se descubre en los carteles infográficos y los paneles murales de uso docente. De acuerdo con esta definición, se presenta la serie de pósteres “Lecturas narratológicas del agua en Extremadura”, relativos a leyendas, espacios desaparecidos, entornos arqueológicos y manifestaciones artísticas y mitológicas en la provincia de Cáceres como foco de los citados recursos.
横向教学海报被定义为学术海报,其特点是使用叙事和视觉资源,如讲故事和增强现实,这与在信息图表海报和教学墙板中发现的不同。根据这一定义,“埃斯特雷马杜拉水的叙事解读”系列海报作为上述资源的重点,涉及caceres省的传说、消失的空间、考古环境以及艺术和神话表现。
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引用次数: 0
Hacia una comprensión de las identidades musicales de los estudiantes. Desde los primeros años hasta la adolescencia 了解学生的音乐身份。从最初的几年到青春期
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.18239/ENSAYOS.V35I2.2353
Pablo Marín-Liébana, José Salvador Blasco Magraner, Ana María Botella Nicolás
The interest in the recognition of the musical identities of students in the educational field has grown in recent years. However, it is an ambiguous concept and it is difficult to define, which makes it difficult to understand and identify. A literature review of 79 works was carried out, studying their theoretical development, their application to music and their evolution throughout the stages that comprise from the early years to adolescence. Thus, it has been found that musical identities are complex intersectional, discursive and performative constructs that are elaborated around the tensions between individual-society and play an important role in the psychosocial development of students. Finally, a series of proposals for educational intervention are presented.
近年来,教育领域对学生音乐身份识别的兴趣有所增长。然而,它是一个模糊的概念,很难定义,这使得它难以理解和识别。对79部作品进行了文献回顾,研究了他们的理论发展,他们在音乐中的应用以及他们从早年到青春期的整个阶段的演变。因此,研究发现,音乐身份是复杂的交叉的、话语的和表演的结构,它是围绕个人与社会之间的紧张关系而阐述的,在学生的心理社会发展中起着重要作用。最后,提出了一系列教育干预的建议。
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引用次数: 1
Autonomía del alumno: implicaciones para el profesor 学生自主:对教师的启示
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.18239/ensayos.v35i2.2207
María José Luelmo del Castillo
El contexto educativo actual está obligando a redefinir distintos aspectos de la vida dentro del aula. Entre ellos, destaca la implementación de nuevas metodologías de aprendizaje que persiguen la promoción de la autonomía del alumno. Esta búsqueda supone, entre otras cosas, un cambio de rol en alumnado y profesorado. El presente artículo pretende abordar este último, dando a conocer cómo es posible abordar este cambio y cuáles son las características y funciones de este nuevo docente.
当前的教育环境迫使我们重新定义课堂生活的不同方面。其中,强调了旨在促进学生自主的新学习方法的实施。这项研究的前提是,除其他外,学生和教师的角色发生了变化。本文旨在解决后者,揭示如何应对这种变化,以及这种新教师的特点和功能是什么。
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引用次数: 1
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Ensayos-Revista de la Facultad de Educacion de Albacete
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