Pozycja ustrojowa prezydenta w konstytucjach Litwy z 1922, 1928 i 1992 r.

Abstract

The aim of this article is to compare the political position of the president in the parliamentary and authoritarian system of interwar Lithuania and the semi-presidential system of contemporary Lithuania. The analysis covers the regulations of three Lithuanian constitutions – those of 1922, 1928 and 1992. Such a strategy seems to be of great cognitive value, as it allows to show the differences and similarities, as well as the evolution of the role of the President in different periods of the Republic of Lithuania. The article assesses the most important legal provisions concerning the political position of the Head of State. The subject under study is still relevant, since Lithuania, as in the period of its first independence until 1926, adopted the same political system, restoring its pre-war solutions (including reactivating the institution of the Head of State). Both the current semi-presidential model of the Second Republic of Lithuania and the parliamentary model of the First Republic of Lithuania until 1926 represent the same type of democracy as a parliamentary system (with the superior role of the Sejm in the system of power).