Did the smalleye hammerhead ever inhabit the Mediterranean Sea?

IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Acta Adriatica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.32582/aa.64.1.10
A. Collareta, S. Farina
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Abstract

Three species of Sphyrna (S. lewini, S. mokarran and S. zygaena) are known to inhabit the present-day Mediterranean Sea, whereas uncertainties exist about the presence of S. tudes in the same basin. Indeed, the presence of this typically westernAtlantic shark in the Mediterranean Sea is supported by as few as two historical specimens that were captured at Nice (southeastern France) and Leghorn (northern Tyrrhenian coast of central Italy). Here, we provide a redescription and an updated taxonomic identification of the Leghorn specimen of smalleye hammerhead, which is currently kept in the zoological collection of the Natural History Museum of the University of Pisa and is believed by some authors to represent a misidentified representative of S. lewini. Based on first-hand observations, we confirm the taxonomic identification of this specimen as belonging to S. tudes. Considering the ontogenetically young nature of both the Nice and the Leghorn specimens of S. tudes, parturition in the Mediterranean Sea is hypothesised, which in turn may evoke the occurrence of a population of smalleye hammerheads inhabiting this basin at least as recently as the early 19th century.
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小双髻鲨曾经栖息在地中海吗?
已知有三种Sphyrna (S. lewini, S. mokarran和S. zygaena)栖息在今天的地中海,而在同一盆地是否存在S. tudes则存在不确定性。事实上,这种典型的西大西洋鲨鱼在地中海的存在,得到了在尼斯(法国东南部)和里霍恩(意大利中部第勒尼安北部海岸)捕获的两个历史标本的支持。在此,我们对目前保存在比萨大学自然历史博物馆的Leghorn小双髻鲨标本进行了重新描述和更新的分类鉴定,该标本被一些作者认为是S. lewini的错误代表。根据第一手的观察,我们确认该标本的分类鉴定属于S. tudes。考虑到尼斯和莱格霍恩的S. tudes标本在个体发育上都很年轻,在地中海分娩是假设的,这反过来可能会引起至少在19世纪初居住在这个盆地的小双髻鲨种群的出现。
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来源期刊
Acta Adriatica
Acta Adriatica 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
13
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal "Acta Adriatica" is an Open Access journal. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, redistribute, print, search and link to material, and alter, transform, or build upon the material, or use them for any other lawful purpose as long as they attribute the source in an appropriate manner according to the CC BY licence.
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