A longitudinal study of autism spectrum disorder characteristics in adolescents with restrictive type anorexia nervosa during and after underweight

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY European Eating Disorders Review Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI:10.1002/erv.3042

Marieke Nuyttens, Annik Simons, Inge Antrop, Inge Glazemakers

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Abstract

Objectives

This prospective, longitudinal study aims to compare the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) characteristics in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) during and after underweight in order to help unravel the complex link between both conditions.

Methods

24 adolescents with AN completed the youth self-report, autism spectrum quotient (AQ) or autism spectrum quotient adolescent version (AQ – adolescent) and a questionnaire designed by the researchers during a state of underweight and after weight recovery.

Results

AQ total score and several AQ subscale scores at the time of underweight are significantly higher than after weight recovery with medium to large effect sizes. Linear modelling cannot prove a significant effect of weight gain, internalizing problems or medication use on AQ score, but it does show an association between AQ during underweight and AQ after weight recovery.

Conclusions

The results highlight the complexity of the link between AN and ASD characteristics. Although a clear change in AQ score is seen in part of the participants, this effect cannot be generalized and a link with weight change cannot be demonstrated. It seems likely that ASD characteristics in AN are a combination of trait and state: underweight and starvation might exacerbate potentially present traits. Part of our results may indicate the existence of subgroups based on AQ score during underweight. Our study supports the theory that more ASD characteristics at T1 may result in a poorer outcome and a higher need for specified and intensive treatment.

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限制性神经性厌食症青少年在体重不足期间和之后的自闭症谱系障碍特征的纵向研究。

目的：这项前瞻性的纵向研究旨在比较青少年神经性厌食症（AN）在体重不足期间和之后的自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）特征的患病率，以帮助解开这两种情况之间的复杂联系。方法：24名AN青少年在体重不足状态和体重恢复后完成了青少年自我报告、自闭症谱系商（AQ）或自闭症谱系商数青少年版（AQ-青少年版）和研究人员设计的问卷。结果：体重不足时的AQ总分和几个AQ分量表得分显著高于体重恢复后，具有中到大的影响大小。线性模型不能证明体重增加、内化问题或药物使用对AQ评分的显著影响，但它确实显示了体重不足时的AQ与体重恢复后的AQ之间的关联。结论：研究结果突出了AN和ASD特征之间联系的复杂性。尽管部分参与者的AQ评分发生了明显变化，但这种影响不能概括，也不能证明与体重变化之间的联系。AN的ASD特征似乎是特征和状态的结合：体重不足和饥饿可能会加剧潜在的现有特征。我们的部分结果可能表明，在体重不足期间，存在基于AQ评分的亚组。我们的研究支持这样一种理论，即T1时更多的ASD特征可能会导致较差的结果和更高的特定强化治疗需求。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Eating Disorders Review PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

7.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： European Eating Disorders Review publishes authoritative and accessible articles, from all over the world, which review or report original research that has implications for the treatment and care of people with eating disorders, and articles which report innovations and experience in the clinical management of eating disorders. The journal focuses on implications for best practice in diagnosis and treatment. The journal also provides a forum for discussion of the causes and prevention of eating disorders, and related health policy. The aims of the journal are to offer a channel of communication between researchers, practitioners, administrators and policymakers who need to report and understand developments in the field of eating disorders.