Characterization of Selected Maize Inbred Lines Adapted to Highland Agro-Ecologies of Ethiopia Using Morphological and Molecular Genetic Distances

Worknesh Terefe, A. Teklewold, K. Tesfaye
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Characterization of available genetic diversity is a crucial step in effective crop improvement which provide basis for the analysis of combining ability and exploitation of heterosis of inbred lines in hybrid breeding. Characterization involves evaluation of quantitative and qualitative attributes of a given genotypes in order to differentiate their usefulness, structure, genetic variability and relationships among them. The objectives of this study were to characterize elite maize inbred lines adapted to highland agro-ecologies and classify groups of similar inbred lines by means of cluster and principal component analysis based on morpho-agronomic and SNP markers data. A total of twenty-three maize inbred lines of highland breeding department at Ambo Plant Protection Research Center formed the core plant materials in the current experiment for 23 morpho-agronomic traits and SNP markers characterization. The evaluated lines were sown in alpha lattice design 12 × 2. It was planted in two replications at each locations (Ambo and Holetta agricultural research centers). The inbred-lines were highly significantly different for all traits evaluated (p ≤ 0.01). The PCA indicated that the first nine principal components (PCs) with eigen value greater than unity accounted for 83% of the entire diversity among 23 inbred lines for all traits. Cluster analysis performed on the basis morpho-agronomic traits using unweighted paired group method arithmetic averages (UPGMA) grouped 23 tested lines in to five distinct classes and an outlier genotype whereas cluster analysis based on molecular resulted from distance matrix of genetic categorized the entries into four main groups. Five inbred lines (L5, L8, L18, L12 and L7) with comparatively high yielder and other phenotypic characters were selected using the morpho-agronomic traits and SNP based genotyping for cultivar development and germplasm utilization.
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利用形态和分子遗传距离对适应埃塞俄比亚高原农业生态的玉米自交系进行鉴定
有效遗传多样性的鉴定是作物有效改良的关键步骤,为杂交育种中自交系配合力分析和杂种优势利用提供依据。表征包括对特定基因型的定量和定性属性进行评估,以便区分它们的有用性、结构、遗传变异性和它们之间的关系。本研究的目的是在形态农艺和SNP标记数据的基础上,采用聚类和主成分分析的方法对适应高原农业生态的玉米自交系进行鉴定,并对相似自交系进行类群分类。以安博植物保护研究中心高原育种部的23个玉米自交系作为本次试验的核心植物材料,对23个形态农艺性状和SNP标记进行了表征。评价线采用12 × 2 α格子设计播种。在每个地点(Ambo和Holetta农业研究中心)种植了两个重复。自交系各性状评价差异极显著(p≤0.01)。主成分分析表明,23个自交系中特征值大于1的前9个主成分占全部性状多样性的83%。基于形态农艺性状的聚类分析采用未加权配对组算法平均(UPGMA)将23个供试品系分为5个不同的类别和一个离群基因型,而基于遗传距离矩阵的分子结果聚类分析将供试品系分为4个主要类别。利用形态农艺性状和SNP基因分型技术,选择了产量较高的5个自交系(L5、L8、L18、L12和L7)进行品种开发和种质资源利用。
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