Producing Ammonium Sulfate from Flue Gas Desulfurization By-Products

M. Chou, J. A. Bruinius, V. Benig, S. Chou, R. Carty
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引用次数: 47

Abstract

Emission control technologies using flue gas desulfurization (FGD) have been widely adopted by utilities burning high-sulfur fuels. However, these technologies require additional equipment, greater operating expenses, and increased costs for landfill disposal of the solid by-products produced. The financial burdens would be reduced if successful high-volume commercial applications of the FGD solid by-products were developed. In this study, the technical feasibility of producing ammonium sulfate from FGD residues by allowing it to react with ammonium carbonate in an aqueous solution was preliminarily assessed. Reaction temperatures of 60, 70, and 80°C and residence times of 4 and 6 hours were tested to determine the optimal conversion condition and final product evaluations. High yields (up to 83%) of ammonium sulfate with up to 99% purity were achieved under relatively mild conditions. The optimal conversion condition was observed at 60°C and a 4-hour residence time. The results of this study indicate the technical feasibility of producing ammonium sulfate fertilizer from an FGD by-product.
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烟气脱硫副产物生产硫酸铵
利用烟气脱硫技术控制排放已广泛应用于高硫燃料的公用事业。然而,这些技术需要额外的设备,更大的运营费用,并增加了垃圾填埋场处理所产生的固体副产品的成本。如果成功地开发出烟气脱硫固体副产品的大批量商业应用,将减轻财政负担。本研究对烟气脱硫渣与碳酸铵在水溶液中反应生产硫酸铵的技术可行性进行了初步评价。反应温度分别为60、70和80℃,停留时间分别为4和6小时,以确定最佳转化条件和最终产物评价。在相对温和的条件下,获得了纯度高达99%的硫酸铵的高收率(高达83%)。最佳转化条件为60℃,停留时间为4小时。研究结果表明,利用烟气脱硫副产物生产硫酸铵肥料在技术上是可行的。
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