Influence of Silane Treatment on the Joint Properties During Laser Joining of Aluminum Alloy to CFRTP

Ziwei Feng, Xueyan Zhang, Jianhui Su, Yifan Liu, Hongyun Zhao, Bo Chen, Xiaoguo Song, C. Tan
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Abstract

Achieving strong joining of aluminum alloy to carbon fiber thermoplastic composites (CFRTP) using laser heating was an essential method to reduce the weight of structure and save energy. In current study, a silane coupling agent was adopted on the aluminum alloy surface to improve the bonding strength of the laser joining of aluminum alloy to CFRTP. Substrate characteristics of the aluminum alloy after treatment including surface morphology, surface roughness and wettability as well as chemical composition were then studied. For comparison, identical experiments were also performed for the polished and sanded aluminum alloy. Compared to the aluminum alloy polished, the surface roughness of aluminum alloy sanded and silane treated was increased, whereas the wettability was both decreased. The rougher surface led to a worse wettability of aluminum alloy surface for these two specimens. In addition, the detected organo-functional group for the latter was also responsible for the increase of water contact angle on the aluminum alloy surface. Compared to the polished specimens, the tensile shear force of joints for sanded and silane-treated substrates averaged 1106.9N and 2959.4N respectively, which represents a respective increase of 1.2 times and 3.3 times than the polished state. Correspondingly, the tensile shear strength of joints was 6.3MPa and 16.8MPa, which was increased by 1.1 times and 2.9 times, respectively. The improved mechanical interlocking induced by increasing the surface roughness in both sanded and silane treated cases was considered to strengthen the bonding strength at the interface. Moreover, for the joints fabricated by aluminum alloy silane treated and CFRTP, the remarkable enhancement of joint strength was also related to the formation of silane coupling film on the aluminum alloy surface. The tensile shear properties of joints were also found to have a positive influence in increasing the adhesion amount of CFRTP on the fractured surface of aluminum alloy. Finally, the silane treatment was expected to play a significant role in joining aluminum alloy to CFRTP.
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硅烷处理对铝合金与CFRTP激光连接性能的影响
利用激光加热技术实现铝合金与碳纤维热塑性复合材料(CFRTP)的强连接是减轻结构重量、节约能源的重要手段。本研究在铝合金表面采用硅烷偶联剂,提高铝合金与CFRTP激光连接的结合强度。研究了处理后铝合金基材的表面形貌、表面粗糙度、润湿性及化学成分等特性。为了比较,还对抛光和砂磨后的铝合金进行了相同的实验。与抛光处理的铝合金相比,经硅烷处理的铝合金表面粗糙度增加,润湿性降低。粗糙的表面导致两种试样的铝合金表面润湿性变差。此外,检测到的后者的有机官能团也是铝合金表面水接触角增加的原因。与抛光试样相比,经砂处理和硅烷处理的接缝拉伸剪切力平均分别为1106.9N和2959.4N,分别比抛光状态提高了1.2倍和3.3倍。节理抗拉抗剪强度分别为6.3MPa和16.8MPa,分别提高1.1倍和2.9倍。在砂处理和硅烷处理的情况下,通过提高表面粗糙度引起的机械联锁的改善可以增强界面的结合强度。此外,对于经硅烷处理的铝合金和CFRTP制成的接头,接头强度的显著提高也与在铝合金表面形成硅烷偶联膜有关。接头的拉伸剪切性能对提高CFRTP在铝合金断口表面的附着量也有积极的影响。最后,硅烷处理有望在铝合金与CFRTP的结合中发挥重要作用。
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