Investigation of the quality of seeds of Anethum graveolens varieties Gribovsky and Lesnogorodsky by method of thermal analysis

Abstract

The paper presents data on the study of the chemical composition of dill (Anethum graveolens L) using foliar treatment of vegetative plants with the growth-regulating agent Nicosulfuron [2-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbomoyl-sulfamoyl) -N,N-dimethylnicotinamide]. Field experiments were carried out at the agrobiological station of the Humanitarian and Technological University of the city of Orekhovo-Zuevo, Moscow Region in 2016-2018. The soil of the experimental plots is sod-podzolic medium loamy. Plants were treated with a solution of Nicosulfuron with a concentration of 0.1 g/l according to the active substance. It was found that foliar treatment of vegetative plants with a solution of 2-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbomoyl-sulfamoyl)-N,N-dimethylnico-tinamide led to a change in the concentrations of macrocomponents in the seeds of dill varieties Gribovsky and Lesnogorodsky. Differential thermal analysis of DTA) of dill seeds was carried out using a thermoanalytical complex based on a derivatograph. The sample heating rate in a platinum crucible was 5, 10, and 20 degrees per minute. The DTA method showed a significant difference in the component composition of the organic matter of seeds of both varieties. 6 organic components can be grouped into two groups – with thermal decomposition temperatures of 200-400 °C and 400-600 °C. The treatment with Nicosulfuron leads to a shift in the accumulation of synthesized spare components of seeds towards easily degradable (up to 400 °C) components. This treatment effect is manifested in the fact that in the total mass of organic components of dill seeds (at the level of 87%), the fraction of readily decomposable organic matter is 64-70% for both varieties. In the control variant, without treatment with the drug, the biosynthesis of hardly degradable components, probably having a high molecular weight, and for high-molecular compounds having a high degree of polymerization, occurs. At the same time, the total activation energy for organic compounds in the control is 30-40% higher compared to the samples that were treated with Nicosulfuron.