Inheritance of quantitative traits in F1 hybrids of einkorn wheat

Abstract

Aim. Determine the type of quantitative traits inheritance in einkorn wheat F1 hybrids. Methods. Hybridological and morphometric analyses. Results. In the combination ♀T. urartu × ♂T. sinskajae, the hybrid caryopses did not set; in the reciprocal combination, the set rate was 28 %. In combinations involving T. boeoticum, T. monococcum, T. sinskajae the setting ranged from 37 % to 54 %. In different combinations, hybrids showed overdominance, hybrid depression, dominance of parental traits with a higher and lower trait value, rarely intermediate inheritance. The combinations in which T. sinskajae is involved are of interest due to heterosis in grain weight of per ear, spikelet number in ear, grain number in ear and less hullness. At the same time, the dominance degree for this trait correlates with the indicators of the dominance degree in length, width and area of flag leaf (r: 0.62–0.71). Conclusions. Einkorn hybrids with the participation of naked wheat T. sinskajae are promising in terms of spikelet number per ear, grain number per ear, ear weight, grain weight per ear, reduced hullness.