Design of a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) using a carbon fibre reinforced polymer and filament winding

L. Fernandes , Rui F. Martins , Paulo P. Silva
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The design of a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), which is an extremely important device for firefighting on board of ships, covers not only in-service loadings, but also a proper selection of materials, manufacturing processes, as well as the specification of other construction details, such as hydrostatic test parameters, among others.

The work developed and presented in this manuscript sought to verify the feasibility and the advantages of using composite materials in a SCBA subjected to high internal pressure (300 bar, 30 MPa), instead of other metallic material currently in use. Hence, a carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) and the filament winding technique were considered in the SCBA redesign. Analytical formulas, as well as engineering standards and advanced finite element analysis (FEM) were used to analyse two types of SCBA commonly used on board of ships.

Five valid axial tensile tests were performed in samples of CFRP using a DARTEC 100 kN servo hydraulic machine according with standard ASTM D3039/D 3039 M (2002) in order to determine the mechanical properties of the material, and a displacement transducer or strain gages were used to determine strains induced in the composite during experimental axial tensile tests, Then, several FE numerical simulations were carried out in order to verify the compliance of a redesigned SCBA with the functional requirements, and the main manufacturing parameters were also determined. Furthermore, experimental internal pressure tests were carried out in a pressure vessel similar to the redesigned SCBA. The results of FE simulations and experimental tests were compared and conclusions could be drawn.

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使用碳纤维增强聚合物和长丝缠绕的自给式呼吸器(SCBA)的设计
自给式呼吸器(SCBA)是一种极为重要的船上消防设备,其设计不仅包括在役载荷,还包括材料的适当选择、制造工艺以及其他结构细节的规范,如静压试验参数等。本文所开展的工作旨在验证在高压(300bar, 30mpa)下的SCBA中使用复合材料替代目前使用的其他金属材料的可行性和优势。因此,在SCBA的重新设计中考虑了碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)和长丝缠绕技术。采用解析公式、工程标准和先进的有限元分析方法,对两种常用的船载结构进行了分析。根据ASTM D3039/D 3039 M(2002)标准,利用DARTEC 100 kN伺服液压机对CFRP试样进行了5次有效的轴向拉伸试验,以确定材料的力学性能,并使用位移传感器或应变片确定轴向拉伸试验中复合材料的应变。为了验证重新设计的SCBA符合功能要求,进行了多次有限元数值模拟,并确定了主要制造参数。此外,在与重新设计的SCBA类似的压力容器中进行了实验内压测试。将有限元模拟结果与实验结果进行比较,得出结论。
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