Symbolism of Clothing: The Relationship between Teacher Clothing and Children’s Perceptions in Elementary School Physical Education

IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Learning Communities-International Journal of Learning in Social Contexts Pub Date : 2017-11-01 DOI:10.18793/LCJ2017.21.03
Brent Bradford, C. Hickson
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Teachers of physical education (PE) have the responsibility to develop and teach programs that physically educate primary school children. How teachers achieve this aim is a critical consideration. Issues such as planning, delivery, and evaluation are constant themes of consideration; however, other areas of preparedness such as personal presentation are not often investigated. The purpose of this research study was to determine whether a primary school teacher’s choice of clothing in PE impacted children’s perceptions toward that teacher and the PE lesson. Primary school-aged children from six northern Alberta, Canada schools participated in the study. Quantitative data was collected through the use of a specificallydesigned Mannequin Clothing Assessment Questionnaire (MCAQ); while focus group interviews were employed to collect qualitative data. Both quantitative and qualitative data illustrated that teacher clothing is perceived by children to be important in PE lessons. Running shoes, athletic-style pants, and a golf shirt were perceived to be the most effective clothing choices for the ability to demonstrate, role modeling, safety, comfort, and mobility when teaching PE. This information may prove to be beneficial to the literature on effective teaching, teacher as a role model, and the symbolism of teacher clothing. Introduction Primary school physical education (PE) programs should provide breadth, variety, and educational experiences that help develop the whole child (Hickson, 2003). As each subject area can contribute unique strengths to educational programs, all subject areas must be taught effectively. In particular, research indicates that PE can positively affect child development (Fishburne, 2005; Pangrazi & Beighle, 2010; Physical and Health Education Canada, 2016). Children experience several benefits from quality PE programs such as: higher levels of selfefficacy; greater academic performance; less disruptive behaviour; less anxiety (Medina, 2008); improved physical skills (Rink, 2004; 2003); health benefits (Dauenhauer & Keating, 2011); and leadership opportunities (Lieberman, Arndt, & Daggett, 2007; Martinek & Schilling, 2003). In light of this understanding, it is essential that children are exposed to PE environments that promote teaching and learning (Hickson, 2003). Such environments would consist of wellplanned lessons with effective lesson delivery (Fishburne, 2005; Rink, 2006), proper assessment techniques (Metzler, 2005; Pangrazi & Beighle, 2010), and developmentally appropriate activities (Fishburne, 2005; Gleddie, Hickson, & Bradford, in press). PE environments that 21 Learning Communities | Special Issue: 2017 30th AChPER International Conference | Number 21 – November 2017 promote learning such as providing opportunities to acquire knowledge, skills, and attitudes to choose healthy active lifestyles are often referred to as ‘quality learning’ environments (Cherubini, 2009; Hickson, 2003). In order for teachers of PE to develop quality learning environments, various teaching considerations are required. Although issues such as planning (Fishburne, 2005; LaBillois & Lagacé-Séguin, 2010), lesson delivery (Bradford & Hickson, 2014; Fishburne, 2005), and evaluation of learning (Metzler, 2005; Pangrazi & Beighle, 2010) are constant themes of consideration, other areas of preparedness such as personal presentation have received little investigation. As the role modeling of teachers (for example, behaviours, actions, appearance) can stimulate child development (Arthur, 2011), what a primary school teacher chooses to wear whilst teaching PE may be perceived by children as part of a teacher’s role modeling.
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服装的象征意义:小学体育教师服装与儿童感知的关系
体育教师有责任制定和教授对小学生进行体育教育的课程。教师如何实现这一目标是一个关键的考虑。诸如计划、交付和评估等问题是经常考虑的主题;然而,诸如个人陈述等准备工作的其他方面却不常被调查。本研究的目的是要确定小学教师在体育课上的服装选择是否会影响儿童对该教师和体育课的看法。来自加拿大艾伯塔省北部六所学校的小学学龄儿童参与了这项研究。通过使用专门设计的人体模型服装评估问卷(MCAQ)收集定量数据;采用焦点小组访谈法收集定性数据。定量和定性数据都表明,儿童认为教师服装在体育课上很重要。跑鞋、运动风格的裤子和高尔夫球衫被认为是最有效的服装选择,在体育教学中能够展示、示范、安全、舒适和机动性。这些信息可能对有效教学、教师作为榜样以及教师服装的象征意义等方面的文献有益。小学体育教育(PE)课程应该提供广度、多样性和教育经验,以帮助儿童全面发展(Hickson, 2003)。由于每个学科领域都可以为教育项目贡献独特的优势,因此所有学科领域都必须有效地进行教学。特别是,研究表明体育运动可以对儿童发展产生积极影响(fishburn, 2005;Pangrazi & Beighle, 2010;加拿大体育与健康教育,2016)。孩子们从高质量的体育项目中获得了一些好处,比如:更高的自我效能感;提高学习成绩;减少破坏性行为;减少焦虑(Medina, 2008);提高了身体技能(Rink, 2004;2003);健康福利(Dauenhauer & Keating, 2011);和领导机会(Lieberman, Arndt, & Daggett, 2007;Martinek & Schilling, 2003)。根据这种理解,儿童接触到促进教与学的体育环境是至关重要的(Hickson, 2003)。这样的环境将包括精心策划的课程和有效的课程交付(fishburn, 2005;Rink, 2006),适当的评估技术(Metzler, 2005;Pangrazi & Beighle, 2010),以及适合发展的活动(Fishburne, 2005;Gleddie, Hickson, & Bradford,出版)。21个学习社区|特刊:2017年第30届AChPER国际会议|第21期- 2017年11月促进学习,如提供获得知识,技能和态度的机会,选择健康积极的生活方式,通常被称为“优质学习”环境(Cherubini, 2009;Hickson, 2003)。体育教师要营造高质量的学习环境,需要多方面的教学考虑。尽管规划等问题(Fishburne, 2005;LaBillois & lagac - ssamuins, 2010),课程交付(Bradford & Hickson, 2014;Fishburne, 2005)和学习评价(Metzler, 2005;Pangrazi & Beighle, 2010)一直是考虑的主题,其他准备领域,如个人陈述,很少得到调查。由于教师的角色塑造(例如行为、动作、外表)可以刺激儿童的发展(Arthur, 2011),小学教师在教授体育时选择的着装可能会被儿童视为教师角色塑造的一部分。
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