A review on pitting corrosion and environmentally assisted cracking on duplex stainless steel

IF 3.3 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER Superlattices and Microstructures Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.20517/microstructures.2023.02
Menghao Liu, C. Du, Zhiyong Liu, Li Wang, Rui Zhong, Xiaojie Cheng, Jiawei Ao, Teng Duan, Yuetong Zhu, Xiaogang Li
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Duplex stainless steel is widely used in the petrochemical, maritime, and food industries. However, duplex stainless steel has the problem of corrosion failures during use. This topic has not been comprehensively and academically reviewed. These factors motivate the authors to review the developments in the corrosion research of duplex stainless steel. The review found that the primary reasons for the failure of duplex stainless steels are pitting corrosion and chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking. After being submerged in water, the evolution of the passive film on the duplex stainless steel can be loosely classified into three stages: nucleation, rapid growth, and stable growth stages. Instead of dramatic rupture, the passive film rupture process is a continuous metal oxidation process. Environmental factors scarcely affect the double-layer structure of the passive film, but they affect the film's overall thickness, oxide ratio, and defect concentration. The six mechanisms of alloying elements on pitting corrosion are summarized as stabilization, ineffective, soluble precipitates, soluble inclusions, insoluble inclusions, and wrapping mechanisms. In environments containing chlorides, ferrite undergoes pitting corrosion more easily than austenite. However, the pitting corrosion resistance reverses when sufficiently large deformation is used. The mechanisms of pitting corrosion induced by precipitates include the Cr-depletion, microgalvanic, and high-stress field theories. Chloride-induced cracks always initiate in the corrosion pits and blunt when encountering austenite. Phase boundaries are both strong hydrogen traps and rapid hydrogen diffusion pathways during hydrogen-induced stress cracking.
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双相不锈钢的点蚀和环境辅助开裂研究进展
双相不锈钢广泛应用于石油化工、船舶、食品等行业。然而,双相不锈钢在使用过程中存在腐蚀失效的问题。这一课题尚未得到全面的学术评述。这些因素促使作者对双相不锈钢的腐蚀研究进展进行综述。研究发现,双相不锈钢失效的主要原因是点蚀和氯化物引起的应力腐蚀开裂。双相不锈钢表面钝化膜浸入水中后的演变大致可分为三个阶段:成核阶段、快速生长阶段和稳定生长阶段。钝化膜破裂过程是一个连续的金属氧化过程,而不是剧烈的破裂。环境因素对钝化膜的双层结构影响不大,但会影响膜的整体厚度、氧化物比和缺陷浓度。合金元素对点蚀的六种作用机制分别为:稳定机制、失效机制、可溶析出物机制、可溶夹杂物机制、不溶夹杂物机制和包裹机制。在含氯化物的环境中,铁素体比奥氏体更容易发生点蚀。然而,当使用足够大的变形时,抗点蚀性相反。析出物引起点蚀的机理包括cr耗尽理论、微电流理论和高应力场理论。氯化物诱发裂纹总是在腐蚀坑中产生,在遇到奥氏体时变钝。在氢致应力开裂过程中,相界既是强氢圈闭,又是氢快速扩散路径。
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来源期刊
Superlattices and Microstructures
Superlattices and Microstructures 物理-物理:凝聚态物理
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
3.20%
发文量
35
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: Micro and Nanostructures is a journal disseminating the science and technology of micro-structures and nano-structures in materials and their devices, including individual and collective use of semiconductors, metals and insulators for the exploitation of their unique properties. The journal hosts papers dealing with fundamental and applied experimental research as well as theoretical studies. Fields of interest, including emerging ones, cover: • Novel micro and nanostructures • Nanomaterials (nanowires, nanodots, 2D materials ) and devices • Synthetic heterostructures • Plasmonics • Micro and nano-defects in materials (semiconductor, metal and insulators) • Surfaces and interfaces of thin films In addition to Research Papers, the journal aims at publishing Topical Reviews providing insights into rapidly evolving or more mature fields. Written by leading researchers in their respective fields, those articles are commissioned by the Editorial Board. Formerly known as Superlattices and Microstructures, with a 2021 IF of 3.22 and 2021 CiteScore of 5.4
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