PROGRAMMING OF YIELD OF GRAIN CROPS AND ITS ASSURANCE IN AGRICULTURE OF ULYANOVSK REGION

A. Toygildin, M.I. Semenkin, I. A. Toygildina
{"title":"PROGRAMMING OF YIELD OF GRAIN CROPS AND ITS ASSURANCE IN AGRICULTURE OF ULYANOVSK REGION","authors":"A. Toygildin, M.I. Semenkin, I. A. Toygildina","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-4-71-76","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates productive potential of grain crops and calculations to provide durable means of production and circulating capital goods of the crop production industry of Ulyanovsk region. According to a set of parameters, the climate-provided yield of grain crops is 4.52 t/haon the territory of the Ulyanovsk region, its level is limited by soil fertility and violation of science-based agricultural technologies. In order to achieve a climate-provided yield of grain crops, it is necessary to improve the technologies for their cultivation, taking into account moisture availability, soil fertility and other factors, in particular, it is necessary to improve the quality of seed material, justify the application rates of mineral fertilizers, carry out liming of acidic soils, justify plant protection systems and a system of machines for timely execution of technological operations. There is a need to improve the system of seed production of grain crops in Ulyanovsk region: namely, to increase the share of original and elite seeds in agricultural enterprises up to 25% of the total amount, which is 33,482 tons, in order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to intensify the work of seed farms in the region. To realize the bioclimatic potential of productivity of grain crops, it is necessary to improve the application rates of mineral fertilizers. Calculations carried out on removal of nutrients show that, on average, 144.0 kg/ha should be applied in the region, which is more than 90 thousand tons of a.w. with the following structure: nitrogen - 87.1 kg/ha (60.4%) and phosphorus - 57.2 kg/ha (39.6%). There are more than 450 thousand hectares of acidic soils that need liming in the structure of cultivated agricultural land; with an average application dose of 3 t/ha, agricultural enterprises must be provided with at least 1350 thousand tons of liming material. In case ofintensificationincrease of crop production, a rise of the number of harmful organisms is inevitable, therefore, the volume of application of plant protection products should be increased to 1205.8 thousand liters at the rate of 1.8 l/ha (at the current level of development of harmful organisms and registered plant protection products). For timely implementation of technological operations for cultivation of field crops, it is necessary to continue totechnically equipagriculture.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-4-71-76","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The article substantiates productive potential of grain crops and calculations to provide durable means of production and circulating capital goods of the crop production industry of Ulyanovsk region. According to a set of parameters, the climate-provided yield of grain crops is 4.52 t/haon the territory of the Ulyanovsk region, its level is limited by soil fertility and violation of science-based agricultural technologies. In order to achieve a climate-provided yield of grain crops, it is necessary to improve the technologies for their cultivation, taking into account moisture availability, soil fertility and other factors, in particular, it is necessary to improve the quality of seed material, justify the application rates of mineral fertilizers, carry out liming of acidic soils, justify plant protection systems and a system of machines for timely execution of technological operations. There is a need to improve the system of seed production of grain crops in Ulyanovsk region: namely, to increase the share of original and elite seeds in agricultural enterprises up to 25% of the total amount, which is 33,482 tons, in order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to intensify the work of seed farms in the region. To realize the bioclimatic potential of productivity of grain crops, it is necessary to improve the application rates of mineral fertilizers. Calculations carried out on removal of nutrients show that, on average, 144.0 kg/ha should be applied in the region, which is more than 90 thousand tons of a.w. with the following structure: nitrogen - 87.1 kg/ha (60.4%) and phosphorus - 57.2 kg/ha (39.6%). There are more than 450 thousand hectares of acidic soils that need liming in the structure of cultivated agricultural land; with an average application dose of 3 t/ha, agricultural enterprises must be provided with at least 1350 thousand tons of liming material. In case ofintensificationincrease of crop production, a rise of the number of harmful organisms is inevitable, therefore, the volume of application of plant protection products should be increased to 1205.8 thousand liters at the rate of 1.8 l/ha (at the current level of development of harmful organisms and registered plant protection products). For timely implementation of technological operations for cultivation of field crops, it is necessary to continue totechnically equipagriculture.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
乌里扬诺夫斯克地区粮食作物产量规划及其农业保障
本文对粮食作物的生产潜力进行了实证研究,并对乌里扬诺夫斯克地区粮食生产工业的持久生产资料和流通资本货物进行了计算。根据一组参数,在乌里扬诺夫斯克州的领土上,气候决定的粮食作物产量为4.52吨/吨,其水平受到土壤肥力和违反科学农业技术的限制。为了实现气候条件下粮食作物的产量,必须改进粮食作物的栽培技术,考虑到水分有效性、土壤肥力和其他因素,特别是必须提高种子材料的质量,合理施用矿物肥料,对酸性土壤进行石灰化,合理建立植物保护制度和及时执行技术操作的机器系统。有必要改善乌里扬诺夫斯克地区的粮食作物种子生产系统:即将农业企业的原始和优质种子的份额提高到总量的25%,即33,482吨,为了实现这一目标,有必要加强该地区种子农场的工作。要充分发挥粮食作物的生物气候生产力潜力,必须提高矿质肥料的施用量。对营养物去除率进行计算表明,该地区平均应施用144.0 kg/ha,即9万多吨a.w.,其结构如下:氮- 87.1 kg/ha(60.4%),磷- 57.2 kg/ha(39.6%)。在农业耕地结构中,有45万公顷以上的酸性土壤需要治理;在平均施用剂量为3吨/公顷的情况下,必须为农业企业提供至少135万吨的石灰材料。在作物生产集约化增长的情况下,有害生物数量的增加是不可避免的,因此,植保产品的申请量应以每公顷1.8升的速度增加到1205.8万升(以目前有害生物和已注册植保产品的发展水平)。为了及时实施大田作物栽培的技术操作,必须继续对农业进行技术装备。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊最新文献
CONTAMINATION OF SEEDS AND PLANTS OF WHEAT WITH PHYTOPATOGENES OF FUSARIUM GENUS, METHODS OF RECOVERY INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT PREPARATIONS ON SOWING QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT SEEDS EFFICIENCY OF OILY AND POLYELECTROLYTE ADJUVANTS IN CASE OF RABBIT HYPERIMMUNIZATION WITH DIMETHYLSULFOXIDE ANTIGEN OF PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS MICROORGANISM PROGRAMMING OF YIELD OF GRAIN CROPS AND ITS ASSURANCE IN AGRICULTURE OF ULYANOVSK REGION RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEST OF PILOT BLACK CURRANT VARIETY
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1