An in-vitro study of Amniotic membrane, Villous chorion and Wharton’s jelly-derived Mesenchymal stem cells and their potential for cardiac repair

Abstract

Myocardial disorders such as acute myocardial infarction endanger millions of people and cause a substantial number of deaths each year; 1 of every 6 deaths all over the world. After an acute myocardial infarction (MI), the heart has a limited capacity of self-renewal undergoing remodelling with resulting left ventricular dysfunction (LVD).1,2 Despite the improvement in several pharmacological, interventional and surgical therapeutic measures, the prognosis for heart failure patients remains very poor. Although an early wave of clinical trials has generated marginal success; medical researchers and regulators face new issues and uncertainties involving longterm safety and efficacy. Put together these observations; account for the continued search for new optional treatments. Among many alternatives, cellular therapy has gained a growing interest as the new field exploiting cells to generate biological substitute, improve tissue function and thereby restoring the damaged tissue with high proliferability and differentiability.3,4 It is also being focused as a potential alternative to complicated tissue or organ transplantation because several factors have been cited as causes for disparities in organ donation and its successful transplantation such as lack of education, religious beliefs, distrust of the health care system, lack of communication between healthcare providers and minority patients and desire of minority members to donate their organs only to members of their same ethnic classification.